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| | The Origins and Early Development of Writing in Egypt The Egyptian writing system represents one of the oldest recorded languages known to humankind, along with Sumerian. But the system took centuries to adapt to what we now regard as its primary function: the encoding of continuous speech. Major changes in the historical and social-linguistic environment of late Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt (ca. 3250–2700 BC) left traces in the written communication and steered significant developments in the early writing system. After a brief introduction of the earliest evidence of writing in Egypt, this chapter will focus on the long and complex... | | | Extinction of Gods: Impact of Climatic Change on Religious Concepts The akh and the ba count among the most important Egyptian religious concepts of human and divine beings. Both occur frequently in Egyptian texts, from its beginnings until the very dusk of the hieroglyphic script, and, coincidently, both were represented by signs in shape of birds. This study focuses on the interdependency between the term or notion and the sign and its natural model. The outcomes reveal that natural changes can have important impact upon script, ideas and religious beliefs. | | | "Ancestral cults in ancient Egypt". In: J. Barton et al. (ed.), Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2016 [DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.242]. The ancestor cult was a common feature of pharaonic society, aiming to provide social cohesion to extended families as well as close intermediaries with the netherworld. As active members of their respective households, ancestors were objects of veneration and care but were also subject to social obligations toward their kin. However, the continuity of such cults was not exempt from threats, from gradual oblivion to destruction of tombs. Furthermore, tensions between individual strategies and customary duties toward one's kin were another source of instability, especially when officials... | | | "Cult Statuary in the Judean Temple at Yeb," Journal for the Study of Judaism 47 (2016): 291-309. A revisitation of the Yeb archives with an eye to the question of cult statuary. The present article inventories the state of the question and makes several constructive suggestions. Its primary contributions are: to address the Yeb evidence, even preliminarily, to the debate over Yhwh statuary in the Jerusalem temple; to make a fresh interpretation of TAD A4.7/8; and to reread other key textual data for information about statuary. | | |
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