http://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2016/07/01/in-egypt-sisis-star-fades-as-problems-pile-up/
Friday, 1 July 2016 | MYT 2:37 AM
In Egypt, Sisi's star fades as problems pile up
CAIRO (Reuters) - It is a hot afternoon in the Muslim fasting month of Ramadan and the New Cairo club house is empty. Hisham Genena, Egypt's erstwhile corruption tsar, settles in a corner. "It's quiet here," he says. "We can speak freely."
It has been a long way down for Genena, a former policeman and judge who was appointed to head Egypt's corruption watchdog in 2012 and is now on trial, accused of defaming the state by exaggerating the scale of public sector graft.
Genena says he has done nothing wrong and his case is being used to discourage others from speaking out in a country he says is increasingly in the grip of security agencies.
"I am keen on the success of any president because his success is our success... but the attitude I'm seeing of using a security grip or reproducing the police state will not be productive," he told Reuters.
"When political parties are absent, NGOs are absent, local media is being crushed, international media too... is that a sign of a healthy environment in which a country can flourish?"
Three years after general-turned-president Abdel Fattah al-Sisi ousted the Muslim Brotherhood, a crackdown that first targeted opposition activists has now turned on establishment figures like Genena to TV presenters and street performers.
Judges who have opposed mass death sentences have been retired. The head of the Press Syndicate and his deputy are standing trial for the first time in the institution's history.
And this week, citing alleged visa violations, police deported the British-Lebanese host of a talk show launched after the 2011 uprising which ended Hosni Mubarak's 30-year rule and raised hopes of a new era of political openness and social justice.
A law requiring interior ministry go-ahead for any public gathering of more than 10 people is so strictly enforced that police on Monday dispersed hundreds of pupils protesting that their exams had been delayed because the questions were leaked.
"Egypt's past chasing its future," one commentator tweeted, with a picture of riot police chasing secondary school children.
Critics, including Genena, say that state repression has gathered such momentum since Sisi took power that it can only be compared to the 1950s, when Gamal Abdel Nasser's Free Officers toppled the king, imposed military rule and silenced dissent.
Genena fell foul of authorities when he told reporters last year that graft had cost the state 600 billion Egyptian pounds (£51 billion) in four years -- an estimate he says is based on official reports. A fact-finding committee set up by Sisi said those numbers were misleading, according to government-owned Al Ahram.
The court has yet to rule on Genena's case, but he lost his job as head of the Central Auditing Authority in March.
"Corruption is very dangerous," Genena said. "Corruption fosters and creates a fertile environment for the growth of terrorism."
Sisi has called Islamist militants an existential threat and has made security a priority for Egypt, a country of more than 80 million people in a region beset by conflict in Libya, Syria, Iraq and beyond.
In a recent TV interview to mark his achievements in office, Sisi said the fight against graft was ongoing and unimpeded.
He said that unnamed evil-doers sought to harm Egypt but dismissed claims that Egypt's jails were bulging with political detainees, saying 90 percent of inmates were criminals.
Sisi also said Egyptians were free to express themselves but urged more focus on rights to security, education and health.
NO ECONOMIC TURNAROUND
Sisi seized power on the back of protests that began on June 30, 2013 and ended a divisive experiment in Brotherhood rule.
The Brotherhood won Egypt's first free parliamentary and presidential elections after the 2011 revolt but faced protests within a year amid power cuts, petrol shortages and resistance from state institutions. Its supporters see Sisi as a usurper.
But a broad cross section of the public admired the stern general in dark sunglasses, who promised to restore stability.
Even after security forces killed hundreds of Brotherhood supporters in the street and detained thousands, shops sold out of cakes decorated with Sisi's face. A year on, Sisi was elected president with 97 percent of the vote.
But Sisi's star has faded as an economic renaissance has failed to materialise; inflation has reached seven-year highs, hard currency is in short supply, the pound is under pressure and economic growth is slowing.
"Tell Sisi, tell the president, we can't live like this," said Mohamed Mahmoud, a baker in a poor area of Cairo. He says beleaguered customers have cut spending and his profit is now about 50 pounds a day, not enough for the family of seven.
Economists have derided what they see as Sisi's ill-conceived infrastructure mega-projects, crowned by the costly Suez Canal extension, which have been rushed through under military supervision.
Sisi said in his TV interview that such projects were needed because of a legacy of underinvestment in infrastructure.
However, while they have shown rapid results, they have failed to create jobs for a rapidly growing population.
"What were the three main pillars that he promised? Stability, economic growth and security and he has failed on all three counts," said Timothy Kaldas, non-resident fellow at the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy.
"So they are doubling down... If they can get away with expanding their repression against high-level targets and keep people in line, why wouldn't they?"
"NO ONE CARES"
Without international pressure, say activists, Sisi has little incentive to loosen his grip. France has sold Sisi's Egypt billions of dollars worth of arms and U.S. military aid has continued as Egypt battles Islamic State militants in Sinai.
"Nobody is going to twist Egypt's arm about this now. No one cares. They think it is the best they will get right now," said Kaldas. "Another thing that helps them is that the population has had two uprisings, in their eyes anyway, and after both the situation did not improve. On the contrary, it deteriorated."
But with the country lurching from one crisis to the next, criticism has mounted on social media and burst into the once-fawning press, as Egyptians have begun to openly mock Sisi's increasingly rambling speeches.
Early this year, videos appeared online in which a group of youths performed skits in the street satirising Egypt's crackdown, mocking its foreign policy and skewering its leader.
By early May, four members of Atfal al-Shawareh, or Street Children, were behind bars accused of trying to overturn the ruling order and undermine the state. A fifth is out on bail.
Friends and family said they were shocked that a handful of videos by an unknown group could prompt such serious charges.
More than 200 people were detained in April in connection with protests against the government's plan to hand over two Red Sea islands to Saudi Arabia -- a subject that featured in Atfal al-Shawareh's skits. Many have received jail terms or fines but most have since been acquitted.
"Can you imagine how it is to be a young person in medical college or any other college and be imprisoned for a year or two," said Mohamed Sadat, who heads the human rights committee in parliament.
"Will they come out good citizens? Or people full of hatred... without loyalty or belonging to this country?"
(The story was refiled to delete a misattributed quote after paragraph 13)
(Additional reporting by Mahmoud Mourad; Editing by Dominic Evans)
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