New Kingdom army barracks and food stores unearthed at Tel Al-Abqain site in Beheira

Nevine El-Aref , Saturday 7 Sep 2024

An Egyptian archaeological mission led by archaeologist Ahmed Said El-Kharadly from the Supreme Council of Antiquities unearthed military barracks, weapon stores, and other provisions dating back to the New Kingdom era at the Tel Al-Abqain archaeological site in Beheira governorate.

The excavation, at Hosh Issa district, revealed mudbrick structures that served as barracks for soldiers and storage units for food, weapons, and other provisions.

"It is an important discovery highlighting the strategic role of Tell Al-Abqain area as a crucial military outpost on the Western military road, protecting Egypt's northwestern borders from potential invasions by Libyan tribes and Sea Peoples," asserted Mohamed Ismail Khaled, Secretary-General of the Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA).

He pointed out the well-organized layout of the architectural military units, noting that their precise design reflects the advanced engineering skills of ancient Egyptian builders, who skilfully adapted the surrounding environment for military and practical purposes.

Ayman Ashmawy, head of the Egyptian Antiquities Sector at the SCA, provided further insight into the findings, explaining that some uncovered units were used to store daily provisions for soldiers. Large granaries and pottery storage vessels containing remnants of fish and animal bones were found, along with cylindrical pottery ovens used for cooking.

Among the most remarkable discoveries, he continued, is a bronze sword engraved with the cartouche of King Ramses II, suggesting the fort's importance during his reign. Moreover, a wide range of personal items and artefacts were uncovered, including weapons, hunting tools, personal adornments, and religious items. Ivory kohl applicators, carnelian and faience beads, and protective amulets were also unearthed.

One of the standout discoveries at the site is the burial of a cow, symbolizing strength, abundance, and prosperity in ancient Egyptian belief, Ashmawy said.
Two limestone blocks were also found, one inscribed with the titles of King Ramses II and the other belonging to an official named "Bay."

Other significant artefacts include a faience scarab bearing the inscription "Amun – Lord of the Sky" with a lotus flower, another scarab engraved with the deity "Ptah," and bronze jewellery depicting "Amun Horakhty."

This discovery adds value to the historical role of the Tell Al-Abqain archaeological site, offering further evidence of Egypt's military and religious practices during the New Kingdom era.