tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2626792522035622082024-03-18T00:23:26.600-07:00KhentiamentiuA sampling of all things Egypt. Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.comBlogger8823125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-50598478067215334552024-03-17T11:34:00.000-07:002024-03-17T11:37:27.551-07:00Northern California ARCE Upcoming Lectures<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"> </p> <table align="left" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" dir="ltr" style="width: 980px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td height="858" style="border: medium; padding: 0in;" valign="top"> <p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhIMHzpGssEOIPeHe_oALN-dvw503nPujPObRLOeBb9GCrBUNRRv33xSVHqfVRzKorek5StnGgZHnL3OfDJZfTIZPHs5xX98zYnsa1u_0v4HpD5DspAiOTYcOKHCkFfH1LWYCAOZVtgbmBZfL9BXlJBpVaFMU3RZia34HM1E9PdcuY6rcoPszSUQeWhsmCd" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7347402715058755314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhIMHzpGssEOIPeHe_oALN-dvw503nPujPObRLOeBb9GCrBUNRRv33xSVHqfVRzKorek5StnGgZHnL3OfDJZfTIZPHs5xX98zYnsa1u_0v4HpD5DspAiOTYcOKHCkFfH1LWYCAOZVtgbmBZfL9BXlJBpVaFMU3RZia34HM1E9PdcuY6rcoPszSUQeWhsmCd=s320" /></a> <font color="#31849b"><font face="Optima, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>A</b></font></font></font><span style="font-variant: small-caps;"><font color="#31849b"><font face="Optima, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>merican Research Center in Egypt (ARCE)</b></font></font></font></span><font size="6" style="font-size: 24pt;"> </font> </p> <p style="font-variant: small-caps; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 0; widows: 0;"> <font color="#31849b"><font face="Optima, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Northern California Chapter</b></font></font></font></p> <h6 class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0.17in; orphans: 0; widows: 0;"> <font color="#31849b"><font face="Optima, serif"><font size="7" style="font-size: 32pt;"><b>Upcoming Lectures</b></font></font></font></h6> <p><br /> </p> <p><br /> </p> <h6 class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0.17in; orphans: 0; widows: 0;"> <font color="#31849b"> </font> </h6> <hr size="2" /> <p><font color="#7f7f7f" size="+2"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><i><b>The following are among the lectures to be presented by ARCE's Northern California Chapter and by the UC Berkeley Department of Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures. Unless otherwise indicated, lectures will be Sundays at 3 pm Pacific Time. </b></i></font></font><font color="#666666" size="4"><font face="sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><br /> </b></i></font></font></font></p> <font size="4"> </font> <p><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="5"><i><font color="#3333ff"><span style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"></span></font></i></font></b><font size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#3333ff"><font size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#ff0000"></font></font></b></i></font></font></font></b></i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><i><font color="#3333ff"><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#ff0000"><i>Dr. Tom Hardwick, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston/Houston Museum of Natural Science<br /> </i></font></font></b></font>Uses, Re-uses, and Abuses of Egyptian Statuary.</font></i><i><br /> </i><font color="#666666"><i><font color="#ff0000">Saturday,</font> April 13, 2024 </i></font></font></b></font><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><i><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666">(<font color="#ff0000">2 pm</font> Pacific Time, live at the Legion of Honor, San Francisco)<br /> Cosponsored by the Ancient Art Council of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco</font></font></i></b></font></i></font></font></b></font><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><i><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"> <br /> LIVE STREAM: Please register <a href="https://zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_lJ1-plmLQVi5pqRy16oceA" target="_blank"><u>here</u> </a>to receive a webinar link, or go to this web page <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_lJ1-plmLQVi5pqRy16oceA">https://zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_lJ1-plmLQVi5pqRy16oceA</a> . </font></font></i></b></font></i></font></font></b></font></p> <p><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#3333ff"><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#ff0000">Dr. Aidan Dodson, University of Bristol<br /> </font></font></i></b></font></font></font></i></b></font><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#3333ff"><b> <b>The Nubian Pharaohs of Egypt</b></b></font><br /> <font color="#666666">April 28, 2024<br /> Room 20, Social Sciences Building</font></font></i></b></font><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><font size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666">, UC Berkeley</font></font></b></i></font></font> </font></i></b></font></p> <font size="+2"> </font> <p><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#3333ff"><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#ff0000">Dr. Peter der Manuelian, Harvard University<br /> </font></font></i></b></font></font></font></i></b></font><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#3333ff"><b><span style="font-family: New serif;"><b>How Egyptologist George Reisner Went Walking among Pharaohs</b></span></b></font><br /> <font color="#666666">May 5, 2024 (<font color="#ff0000">2 pm </font>Pacific Time, live at the Legion of Honor, San Francisco)<br /> </font></font></i></b></font><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><i><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666">Cosponsored by the Ancient Art Council of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco</font></font></i></b></font></i></font></font></b></font></font></font></i></b></font></p> <p><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><i><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"></font></font></i></b></font></i></font></font></b></font></font></font></i></b></font><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#3333ff"><font size="+2"><b><i><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#ff0000">Emily Smith-Sangster, Princeton University<br /> </font></font></i></b></font>In the Shadow of Egypt's Last Pyramid: Uncovering the Ahmose Cemetery and Its Historical Implications</font><br /> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666">Sept. 15, 2024</font><br /> </font></font></font></i></b></font></p> <p> <font color="#3333ff" face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="+1"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font color="#3333ff" face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font color="#3333ff" face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font color="#666666" face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font color="#ff0000"> </font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font> </b></i></font></font></p> <font size="+1"> </font>---------------------------------<br /> <br /> <p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt;"><i><b>Parking is available in UC lots all day on weekends, for a fee. Ticket dispensing machines accept debit or credit cards. Parking is available in lots around the Social Sciences Building, and in lots along Bancroft. A map of the campus is available online at <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.berkeley.edu/map/">http://www.berkeley.edu/map/</a><br /> <br /> For more information, please visit </b></i></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt;"><i><b><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt;"><i><b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@northerncaliforniaarce">https://www.youtube.com/@NorthernCaliforniaArce</a>, </b></i></font></font></font> <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://facebook.com/NorthernCaliforniaARCE/">https://facebook.com/NorthernCaliforniaARCE</a>, </b></i></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt;"><i><b><a href="https://twitter.com/ARCENCPostings">https://www.arce-nc.org/,</a></b></i> <i><b><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://twitter.com/ARCENCPostings">https://twitter.com/ARCENCPostings</a>, or <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://khentiamentiu.org/">http://khentiamentiu.org</a>. To join the chapter or renew your membership, please go to <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://arce.org/join-arce/">https://arce.org/join-arce/</a> and select "Berkeley, CA" as your chapter when you sign u</b></i></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Optima, serif"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt;"><i><b>p.</b></i></font></font></font></p></td></tr></tbody></table><br />Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-63181458435504913272024-03-16T22:32:00.001-07:002024-03-17T11:38:16.017-07:00From malaria, to smallpox, to polio – here's how we know life in ancient Egypt was ravaged by disease <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/?utm_medium=firefox-desktop&utm_source=bookmarks-toolbar&utm_campaign=new-users&utm_content=-global">https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/?utm_medium=firefox-desktop&utm_source=bookmarks-toolbar&utm_campaign=new-users&utm_content=-global</a><br> <br> <div class="wrapper"> <figcaption> <img src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/581183/original/file-20240312-29-m4tny7.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&rect=25%2C452%2C3369%2C1684&q=45&auto=format&w=1356&h=668&fit=crop" alt="https://images.theconversation.com/files/581183/original/file-20240312-29-m4tny7.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&rect=25%2C452%2C3369%2C1684&q=45&auto=format&w=1356&h=668&fit=crop" class="shrinkToFit" width="1050" height="517"><span class="attribution"><span class="source">Shutterstock</span></span> </figcaption> </div> <div class="magazine-title"> <div class="wrapper"> <header class="content-header-container grid-twelve large-grid-eleven"> <div> <div class="content-header-block"> <h1 class="legacy entry-title instapaper_title" itemprop="headline"> <strong> From malaria, to smallpox, to polio – here's how we know life in ancient Egypt was ravaged by disease </strong> </h1> </div> </div> <div class="timestamps"> <time datetime="2024-03-14T19:24:37Z" itemprop="datePublished" content="2024-03-14T19:24:37Z">Published: March 14, 2024 3:24pm EDT</time> </div> </header> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="content-sidebar grid-four large-grid-four grid-last"> <section class="content-authors"> <div class="content-authors-group"> <h3 class="border">Author</h3> <ol> <li class="vcard" id="author-560397" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a rel="author" itemprop="url" href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/thomas-jeffries-1511629"> <img alt="" class=" lazyloaded" data-src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/1511629/width170/file-20240214-18-4oegvh.jpg" src="https://cdn.theconversation.com/avatars/1511629/width170/file-20240214-18-4oegvh.jpg" itemprop="image"> <span class="fn author-name" itemprop="name"> Thomas Jeffries </span> </a> <p class="role"> Senior Lecturer in Microbiology, Western Sydney University </p> </li> </ol> </div> </section> <section class="content-disclosure-statement"><br> </section> </div> </div> <p>The mention of ancient Egypt usually conjures images of colossal pyramids and precious, golden tombs. </p> <p>But as with most civilisations, the invisible world of infectious disease underpinned life and death along the Nile. In fact, fear of disease was so pervasive it influenced social and religious customs. It even featured in the statues, monuments and graves of the Kingdom of the Pharaohs. </p> <p>By studying ancient specimens and artefacts, scientists are uncovering how disease rocked this ancient culture. </p> <h2>Tutankhamun's malaria, and other examples</h2> <p>The most direct evidence of epidemics in ancient Egypt comes from skeletal and DNA evidence obtained from the mummies themselves.</p> <p>For instance, DNA recovered from the mummy of the boy pharaoh Tutankhamun (1332–1323 BC) led to the discovery he <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20159872/">suffered from malaria</a>, along with several other New Kingdom mummies (circa 1800 BC). </p> <p>In other examples:</p> <ul> <li>skeletal and DNA <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11289521/">evidence found</a> in the city of Abydos suggests one in four people may have had tuberculosis </li> <li>the mummy of Ramesses V (circa 1149–1145 BC) has scars indicating smallpox </li> <li>the wives of Mentuhotep II (circa 2000 BC) were buried hastily in a "mass grave", suggesting <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9186437/">a pandemic</a> had occurred</li> <li>and the mummies of two pharaohs, Siptah (1197–1191 BC) and Khnum-Nekht (circa 1800 BC), were <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10072-016-2720-9">found with</a> the deformed <a href="https://www.shorelineortho.com/specialties/foot_ankle_equinus.php">equinus</a> foot which is characteristic of the viral disease polio.</li> </ul> <h2>Signs of a disease-ravaged people</h2> <p>Amenhotep III was the ninth pharaoh of the 18th dynasty, and ruled from about 1388–1351 BC.</p> <p>There are several reasons experts think his reign was marked by a devastating disease outbreak. For instance, two separate carvings from this time depict a priest and a royal couple with the polio dropped-foot. </p> <figure class="align-right zoomable"> <a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/577699/original/file-20240224-30-9gt04r.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:140.50632911392404%;--background-color:#5d312a"><img alt="" class=" lazyloaded" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/577699/original/file-20240224-30-9gt04r.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=237&fit=clip" data-srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/577699/original/file-20240224-30-9gt04r.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=844&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577699/original/file-20240224-30-9gt04r.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=844&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577699/original/file-20240224-30-9gt04r.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=844&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577699/original/file-20240224-30-9gt04r.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=1060&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577699/original/file-20240224-30-9gt04r.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=1060&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577699/original/file-20240224-30-9gt04r.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=1060&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/577699/original/file-20240224-30-9gt04r.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=237&fit=clip"></div> <div class="enlarge_hint"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption">This 18th dynasty panel depicts a polio sufferer.</span> <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Polio_Egyptian_Stele.jpg">Wikimedia</a></span> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Statues of the lion-headed goddess of disease and health, Sekhmet, also <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33227516/">increased significantly</a>, suggesting a reliance on divine protection.</p> <p>Another sign of a potential major disease outbreak comes in the form of what may be an early case of quarantine, wherein Amenhotep III moved his palace to the more isolated site of Malqata. This is further supported by the burning of a workers' cemetery near Thebes. </p> <p>Grave goods also became less extravagant and tombs less complex during this period, which suggests more burials were needed in a shorter time frame. These burials can't be explained by war since this was an unusually peaceful period.</p> <h2>Did disease trigger early monotheism?</h2> <p>Amenohotep's son – "the heretic King" Akhenaten (who was also Tutankhamun's father) – abandoned the old gods of Egypt. In one of the earliest cases of monotheism, Akhenaten made worship of the Sun the official state religion. </p> <figure class="align-center "> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:125.86206896551724%;--background-color:#a56e54"><img alt="" class=" lazyloaded" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/577700/original/file-20240224-26-gurcmn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" data-srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/577700/original/file-20240224-26-gurcmn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=755&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577700/original/file-20240224-26-gurcmn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=755&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577700/original/file-20240224-26-gurcmn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=755&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577700/original/file-20240224-26-gurcmn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=949&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577700/original/file-20240224-26-gurcmn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=949&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/577700/original/file-20240224-26-gurcmn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=949&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/577700/original/file-20240224-26-gurcmn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip"></div> <figcaption> <span class="caption">This panel (circa 1372-1355 BC) shows Akhenaten, Nefertiti and their daughters adoring the Sun god Aten.</span> <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:La_salle_dAkhenaton_(1356-1340_av_J.C.)_(Mus%C3%A9e_du_Caire)_(2076972086).jpg">Wikimedia</a></span> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Some <a href="https://www.thecollector.com/akhenaten-monotheism-plague-egypt/">researchers think</a> Akhenaten's dramatic loss of faith may have been due to the devastating disease he witnessed during his childhood and into his reign, with several of his children and wives having died from disease. But we've yet to find clear evidence for the role of disease in shaping his theology.</p> <p>There's also no direct DNA evidence of an outbreak under his father, Amenhotep III. There are only descriptions of one <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/history-and-civilisation/2021/01/these-pharaohs-private-letters-expose-how-politics-worked-3300-years-ago">in letters</a> Amenhotep III and Akhenaten exchanged with the Babylonians. </p> <figure class="align-center zoomable"> <a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/580627/original/file-20240308-16-mt400i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:50.397877984084886%;--background-color:#a0845e"><img alt="" class=" lazyloaded" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/580627/original/file-20240308-16-mt400i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" data-srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/580627/original/file-20240308-16-mt400i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=302&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/580627/original/file-20240308-16-mt400i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=302&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/580627/original/file-20240308-16-mt400i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=302&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/580627/original/file-20240308-16-mt400i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=380&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/580627/original/file-20240308-16-mt400i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=380&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/580627/original/file-20240308-16-mt400i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=380&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/580627/original/file-20240308-16-mt400i.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip"></div> <div class="enlarge_hint"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption">These clay tablets (circa 14th century BC), inscribed in Babylonian cuneiform, were sent to Amenhotep III or Akhenaten from the ruler Abdi-tirshi of Hazor (modern-day Israel).</span> <span class="attribution"><span class="source">British Museum</span>, <a class="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">CC BY-NC-SA</a></span> </figcaption> </figure> <p>To confirm an outbreak under Amenhotep III, we'd need to first recover pathogen DNA in human remains from this time, has been found in other Egyptian burial sites and for <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21993626/">other pandemics</a>.</p> <p>Also, while many ancient epidemics are referred to as "plagues", we can't confirm whether any outbreaks in ancient Egypt were indeed caused by <em>Yersinia pestis</em>, the bacteria responsible for bubonic plague pandemics <a href="https://www.britannica.com/event/Black-Death">such as the Black Death</a> in Europe (1347-1351). </p> <p>That said, researchers <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3554655">have confirmed</a> the Nile rat, which was widespread during the time of the Pharaohs, would have been able to carry the <em>Yersinia</em> infection.</p> <figure class="align-center zoomable"> <a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/579796/original/file-20240305-24-p439xf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:71.22015915119363%;--background-color:#503f34"><img alt="" class=" lazyloaded" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/579796/original/file-20240305-24-p439xf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip" data-srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/579796/original/file-20240305-24-p439xf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=427&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579796/original/file-20240305-24-p439xf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=427&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579796/original/file-20240305-24-p439xf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=427&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579796/original/file-20240305-24-p439xf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=537&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579796/original/file-20240305-24-p439xf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=537&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579796/original/file-20240305-24-p439xf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=537&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/579796/original/file-20240305-24-p439xf.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&fit=clip"></div> <div class="enlarge_hint"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption">This 1811 etching depicts the ancient Plague of Athens (circa 430 BC), which may have been caused by <em>Yersinia</em> or a disease with similar symptoms such as smallpox, typhus or measles.</span> <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/image/1047063001">The British Museum</a>, <a class="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">CC BY-NC-SA</a></span> </figcaption> </figure> <h2>How were outbreaks managed?</h2> <p>Much like modern pandemics, factors such as population growth, sanitation, population density and mobilisation for war would have influenced the spread of disease in ancient Egypt. </p> <p>In the case of war, it's thought the Hittite army was <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9186437/">weakened by</a> disease spread when it was famously <a href="https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/world-history-beginnings/ancient-egypt-hittites/a/the-hittites">defeated by</a> Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses the Great in the battle of Kadesh (1274 BC). </p> <p>In some ways, Egyptian medicine was advanced for its time. While these outbreaks occurred long before the development of antibiotics or vaccines, there is some evidence of public health measures such as the burning of towns and quarantining people. This suggests a basic understanding of how disease spreads. </p> <p>Diseases caused by microorganisms would have been viewed as supernatural, or as a <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1121911/">corruption of the air</a>. This is similar to other explanations held in different parts of the world, before germ theory was popularised in the 19th century.</p> <h2>New world, old problems</h2> <figure class="align-right zoomable"> <a href="https://images.theconversation.com/files/579797/original/file-20240305-28-cqzgoc.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=1000&fit=clip"> <div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:124.89451476793249%;--background-color:#574533"><img alt="" class=" lazyloaded" data-src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/579797/original/file-20240305-28-cqzgoc.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=237&fit=clip" data-srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/579797/original/file-20240305-28-cqzgoc.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=600&h=750&fit=crop&dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579797/original/file-20240305-28-cqzgoc.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=600&h=750&fit=crop&dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579797/original/file-20240305-28-cqzgoc.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=600&h=750&fit=crop&dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579797/original/file-20240305-28-cqzgoc.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=754&h=943&fit=crop&dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579797/original/file-20240305-28-cqzgoc.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=30&auto=format&w=754&h=943&fit=crop&dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/579797/original/file-20240305-28-cqzgoc.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=15&auto=format&w=754&h=943&fit=crop&dpr=3 2262w" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/579797/original/file-20240305-28-cqzgoc.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=237&fit=clip"></div> <div class="enlarge_hint"></div> </a> <figcaption> <span class="caption">The funerary mask of Tutankhamun, who died as a teenager.</span> <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CairoEgMuseumTaaMaskMostlyPhotographed.jpg">Wikimedia</a>, <a class="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA</a></span> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Many of the most widespread diseases that afflicted the ancient world are still with us.</p> <p>Along with Tutankhamun, it's thought <a href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(17)30261-X/abstract">up to 70%</a> of the Egyptian population was infected with malaria caused by the <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> parasite – spread by swarms of mosquitoes occupying the stagnant pools of the Nile delta. </p> <p>Today, malaria affects about 250 million people, mostly in developing nations. Tuberculosis kills more than a million people each year. And smallpox and polio have only recently been eradicated or controlled through vaccination programs.</p> <p>More work is yet to be done to detect individual pathogens in Egyptian mummies. This knowledge could shed light on how, throughout history, people much like us have grappled with these unseen organisms.</p> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-39848453926223108952024-03-13T22:10:00.000-07:002024-03-13T22:12:42.322-07:00Reminder of ARCE-NC Lecture March 17 - Imhotep: The Man, the Myth, the Monster<br /> <div class="moz-forward-container"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="height: 1980px; width: 1048px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top"> <div class="moz-text-html" lang="x-unicode"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgnpisk1DATpkI5oFC458clJyzPM3oJ0SsVltJWL43ZOVzEN1faFR_Sp6Lcqs_Ifp_aXTy1uMmTzs0ckLPsmmfwv5KYbFxwEv2hkL5MlVcahRNbrRtbDmB0c3obfaKePro5DT67f9CKLKgYbXF95DGQjX2KtQ2Uh-3b-PnzzNWOCJYfX5ZFkq3WLmC6QW6Z" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7346082333328648946" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgnpisk1DATpkI5oFC458clJyzPM3oJ0SsVltJWL43ZOVzEN1faFR_Sp6Lcqs_Ifp_aXTy1uMmTzs0ckLPsmmfwv5KYbFxwEv2hkL5MlVcahRNbrRtbDmB0c3obfaKePro5DT67f9CKLKgYbXF95DGQjX2KtQ2Uh-3b-PnzzNWOCJYfX5ZFkq3WLmC6QW6Z=s320" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The American Research Center in Egypt, Northern California chapter, and the UC Berkeley Department of Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures invite you to attend a <b>lecture by </b></span></span></span><font color="#330033"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">Dr. Julia Troche, Missouri State University, Springfield</font></b></font></font></b></font>:</span></span></span></font><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><b><span><b><br /> <br /> </b></span></b></span></span></span><span><b><br /> </b></span> <hr size="2" width="100%" /> <div class="caption-inner"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, 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#330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><i><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><b><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><b><span style="color: #3333ff;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><b><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><b><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span style="color: #3333ff;"><span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><font size="+2"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#3333ff">Imhotep: The Man, the Myth, the Monster</font><br /> <font color="#666666">Sunday March 17, 2024, 3 PM Pacific Time</font><br /> <font color="#666666">Room 140, Social Sciences Building, UC Berkeley<br /> </font></font></b></i></font><font size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><font color="#666666" size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="4"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font size="5"><font color="#ff0000">This in-person lecture will be recorded for later publication on YouTube<font size="+2"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">.</font></font></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></font></b></i></font></font></font></b></i></font><br /> </font></font></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span><span 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sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><br /> </b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="height: 498px; width: 1036px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgmyITJBubdT7NT9e96EHTqLEIMAoTlaD04uI4R0a0Ian0nxbNogRu735SsOxYB1jHSf90RrRK5dftaembR-NyQygAwo0SbZAzZtLBUkWoUbzKtBUwvg5CMoDRfk2dxfMos_i8CO9YbML4XXkt9NS-cmj92_w7hukXoyRH_BsxXoRPNetEH_bgyB8xMbWQ5"><img alt="" border="0" height="778" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7346082353242823586" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgmyITJBubdT7NT9e96EHTqLEIMAoTlaD04uI4R0a0Ian0nxbNogRu735SsOxYB1jHSf90RrRK5dftaembR-NyQygAwo0SbZAzZtLBUkWoUbzKtBUwvg5CMoDRfk2dxfMos_i8CO9YbML4XXkt9NS-cmj92_w7hukXoyRH_BsxXoRPNetEH_bgyB8xMbWQ5=w666-h778" width="666" /></a></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span><br /> <span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /> About the Lecture:<br /> </span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span><br /> <span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;">"It comes to life!" is the tagline for the 1932 Universal film <i>The Mummy</i> wherein a reanimated Imhotep, as the mummy horror icon, brings terror and violence to all who encounter him. Imhotep, in fact, was a historical ancient Egyptian who is credited with engineering Egypt's first pyramid, the stepped pyramid at Saqqara for King Djoser (c. 2650 BCE). In antiquity he was venerated as a folk hero and eventually worshiped as a god. How and why did Imhotep become a horror icon? The answer is what we refer to as "Egyptomania," that is, our obsession with and consumption of ancient Egypt throughout history. This talk invites audiences to follow Imhotep and his many legacies throughout history as a way to explore Egyptomania. But it is not all fun and amusement park rides, as we consider some of the benefits and problems of Egyptomania in our everyday lives.</span></span><br /> <br /> <br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh7U__4Bt0ksq3UGUJ8_cCQ7wTxF0BIdB68ZgtEnPTN2T4V4ykFenYsd8nICRqk7eCjiuXWFxh2BMy9jJpT2YZvAxaA02Mzaca92YaLlgfS0Zpa_QV_4Gr5x4LiM9CTkGH779vABW2iM_yqHlyjvgZHL3O0Jkzl7X8QL9TPHWl0Fmr_QJDkU8q2FeyarOgG"><img alt="" border="0" height="398" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7346082364574555106" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh7U__4Bt0ksq3UGUJ8_cCQ7wTxF0BIdB68ZgtEnPTN2T4V4ykFenYsd8nICRqk7eCjiuXWFxh2BMy9jJpT2YZvAxaA02Mzaca92YaLlgfS0Zpa_QV_4Gr5x4LiM9CTkGH779vABW2iM_yqHlyjvgZHL3O0Jkzl7X8QL9TPHWl0Fmr_QJDkU8q2FeyarOgG=w678-h398" width="678" /></a><br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"></span><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span style="font-size: x-large;">About the Speaker:<br /> </span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span> <br /> <div class="ydp77b50ab2yiv2563491306elementToProof"><span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;">Dr. Julia Troche is an Egyptologist, historian, and award-winning educator. She holds a Ph.D. in Egyptology from Brown University and a B.A. in History from UCLA. Dr. Troche is currently Associate Professor at Missouri State University in Springfield, MO, and Visiting Scholar of Egyptology at Brown for her sabbatical (2023-24). She serves as a Governor for the Board of the American Research Center in Egypt (ARCE), is President and co-founder of ARCE-Missouri, and for the </span><span style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal;">American Society of Overseas Research (ASOR), she is</span><span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;"> co-chair of the diversity, equity, and inclusion committee and co-chair of the Archaeology of Egypt sessions for the annual meeting. Julia's first book, <i>Death, Power, and Apotheosis in Ancient Egypt: The Old and Middle Kingdoms </i> was published in 2021 with Cornell University Press. She is currently working on a book about the god Ptah for Bloomsbury, a textbook (with B. Brinkman) for Routledge, and a series of articles on Egyptomania and Imhotep that she hopes to turn into a public-facing book.<br /> <br /> </span></div> <span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><span style="color: black;"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span><span><br /> <font size="+2">About ARCE-NC:</font></span></span></span></b></span><i><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><br /> </span></span></b></span> <span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span class="notranslate"><span class="body"></span></span></span></span></b></span> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span> <span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span> </font> <p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0.08in; orphans: 0; widows: 0;"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></font></p> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"> </font> <p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0.08in; orphans: 0; widows: 0;"> </p> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="+1"><i>For more information, please visit <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/@NorthernCaliforniaARCE">https://www.youtube.com/@NorthernCaliforniaARCE</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://facebook.com/NorthernCaliforniaARCE/">https://facebook.com/NorthernCaliforniaARCE/</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.arce-nc.org">http://www.arce-nc.org</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://twitter.com/ARCENCPostings">https://twitter.com/ARCENCPostings</a>, and <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://khentiamentiu.org">https://khentiamentiu.org</a>. To join the chapter or renew your membership, please go to <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://arce.org/join-arce/">https://arce.org/join-arce/</a> and select "Berkeley, CA" as your chapter when you sign up.</i></font><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #c0504d;"><i><b><span style="color: red;"><span></span></span></b></i></span></span></font></div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <br /> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-79480417209420206062024-03-13T21:43:00.001-07:002024-03-13T21:43:17.749-07:00University gallery explores world of ancient Egyptian and Sudanese animals - News - University of Liverpool<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2024/03/12/university-gallery-explores-world-of-ancient-egyptian-and-sudanese-animals/">https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2024/03/12/university-gallery-explores-world-of-ancient-egyptian-and-sudanese-animals/</a><br> <br> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title">University gallery explores world of ancient Egyptian and Sudanese animals</h1> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <img src="https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Untitled-81.jpeg" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Ploughing and harvesting in the afterlife, from the Book of the Dead of Bakhenkhons"> <p>This spring the University of Liverpool's Victoria Gallery & Museum presents, <em>Creatures of the Nile. </em>The exciting exhibition explores the fascinating position animals held in ancient Egyptian and Sudanese society and culture.</p> <p>On from Saturday 4 May – Saturday 5 October 2024, <em>Creatures of the Nile</em> features more than 250 objects, many of which have never been on public display. Highlights include one of the earliest known depictions of a domesticated dog, a sheet from the 3,500-year-old Book of the Dead and a bronze statue which entombed a mummified cat. Exhibited objects come from the collections of the University of Liverpool's Garstang Museum, with additional artefacts on loan from National Museums Liverpool and Manchester Museum.</p> <p>Many species of animal called the Nile their home, long before humans settled there. As Nile-centred civilizations appeared, these creatures became central figures in societies' depictions of their world. From elaborate tomb scenes and sacred writings to amulets and pots, animals were a central motif in how people and communities communicated their values and beliefs.</p> <p>In ancient Egypt and Sudan, gods were often represented in the form of an animal, taking on the full or partial appearance of creatures including lions, snakes, or baboons. These images of divine power are among the most identifiable features in Egyptian art and were represented in objects including inscribed funerary stones and protective amulets, which will be displayed in this exhibition.</p> <p>The exhibition also explores mythical animals depicted in Egyptian and Sundanese art. A striking and unusual object exhibited in <em>Creatures of the Nile</em> depicts a hippocampus – an animal with the head of a horse, but the body of a snake.</p> <p>From the spiritual to the practical, animals played a key role in everyday life with animals used in food and farming. Oxen at work in the fields of the afterlife can be seen in pages from the Book of the Dead and on inscribed funerary stones, while the exhibition also features objects made from rare materials like ivory and ostrich eggshell.</p> <p>Significantly, the exhibition examines climate change in the Nile Valley. Collaborating with colleagues from the Leverhulme funded <em>Biodiversity in Egyptian Archaeology during Societal Transitions</em> project, the exhibition features the impact of climate change and human over-exploitation of resources. Tools used for hunting, including a stunningly preserved 4,000-year-old throw stick used for catching birds, feature alongside a timeline showing the appearance and disappearance of species in Egypt.</p> <p>Nicola Euston, Head of Museums and Galleries at the University of Liverpool, said: <em>"We're incredibly excited to bring this unique exhibition to the gallery. It showcases the University's world-leading ancient Egyptian and Sudanese collections and gives our visitors the opportunity to see many pieces for the first time. Significantly it explores an area of this ancient history that is often overlooked. While of course, stories of pharaohs and mummies have captured our imaginations for centuries, it's fantastic that we're representing the important role animals played and how their existence shaped civilisations."</em></p> <p><em>Creatures of the Nile </em>is curated by Dr Gina Criscenzo-Laycock, Curator, Garstang Museum of Archaeology, with Dr Juliet Spedding, Post-doctoral Researcher, Biodiversity in Egyptian Archaeology during Societal Transitions (BEAST) project.</p> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-87120853435007460812024-03-12T21:47:00.000-07:002024-03-12T21:48:04.999-07:00Engaging communities in managing the tomb of Amenhotep III at the World Heritage site in Luxor | UNESCO<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/engaging-communities-managing-tomb-amenhotep-iii-world-heritage-site-luxor">https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/engaging-communities-managing-tomb-amenhotep-iii-world-heritage-site-luxor</a><br> <br> <h1 class="slider-parallax__content__title">Engaging communities in managing the tomb of Amenhotep III at the World Heritage site in Luxor</h1> <div class="slider-parallax__content__text"> <div class="section-text field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Empowering Engagement: Unveiling Amenhotep III's Legacy through Community Workshops</div> </div> <div class="story-location"></div> <div class="slider-parallax__scroll"></div> <div class="main-node-content"> <div class="content-narrow"> <div class="content-infos-wrapper"> <div class="content-date-wrapper"> <div class="created-time"><span>11 March 2024</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraphs field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph-border above paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-block paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="row"> <div class="wrapper-infos col-lg-6"> <div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"> <p class="text-align-justify">Within the framework of the project Conservation of the Wall Paintings of the Royal Tomb of Amenhotep III (KV22) in Luxor under the UNESCO/Japanese Funds-in-Trust, UNESCO Regional Office in Cairo supported three workshops to enhance community engagement in the management of the Tomb at the World Heritage site in Luxor. Effective community participation is vital to enhance long-term sustainable heritage management. The following workshops contributed to strengthening existing working relationships with the local community nurtured under the previous phases of the project. The vital role of women archaeologists and conservators was highlighted to celebrate International Women's Day. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div id="workshop-for-children-knowledge-eye-imagination-luxor-art-gallery-6-march-2024" class="paragraph-border above paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-block paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="row"> <div class="wrapper-infos col-lg-6"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <h2>Workshop for Children: Knowledge-Eye-Imagination (Luxor Art Gallery, 6 March 2024)</h2> </div> <div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"> <p class="text-align-justify">Twenty children living on the west bank of Luxor from 6 to 10 years old, supported by their parent or guardian, participated in the three-day workshop on culture and art education. Through the facilitation of a professional art educator, the children learned the history and art of ancient Egypt linked to Amenhotep III. The children then engaged in exercises, such as colouring the cartouche of his name, sketching his statues of Memnon, and filing the missing face of his mural paintings in the tomb while participating in the teamwork on drawing the ancient garden in Egypt. Step-by-step learning enabled them to produce a free-hand portrait of Amenhotep III on the final day. </p> <p class="text-align-justify">All these works produced through the lens of children were displayed at the gallery to make a colourful exhibition.</p> <p class="text-align-justify">The jury composed of artists, archaeologists, the Japanese archaeological mission for the KV22 project, the site inspector at the west bank, and a UNESCO representative evaluated the works to present the awards and certificates to the children who are the guardians of the KV22 and the World Heritage site in Luxor.</p> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper-image col-lg-6"> <div class="field field--name-field-ref-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-medium"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="610" height="813"> <source media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="700" height="933"> <source media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="436"> <source media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="610" height="813"> <source media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="700" height="933"> <source media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="436"> <img src="https://www.unesco.org/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_medium_desktop/article/2024-03/1%20Workshop%20for%20Children.jpg?itok=XHJDwXQC" alt="Tomb of Amenhotep III Workshop" title="Tomb of Amenhotep III Workshop" width="610" height="813"> </picture></div> </article> <div class="media--copyright field field--name-field-copyright field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">UNESCO</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div id="workshop-for-youth-amenhotep-iii-collection-in-youth-hands-luxor-museum-7-march-2024" class="paragraph-border above paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-block paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="row"> <div class="wrapper-infos col-lg-6"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <h2>Workshop for Youth: Amenhotep III Collection in Youth Hands (Luxor Museum, 7 March 2024)</h2> </div> <div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"> <p class="text-align-justify">The Luxor Museum on the east bank of the River Nile displayed many movable cultural objects with significant values excavated from the temples and archaeological sites nearby, including the items relating to Amenhotep III. A workshop for Youth held at the Luxor Museum provided training for university students and young museum professionals in effective museum communication.</p> <p class="text-align-justify">The workshop began with the opening remarks by the Luxor Museum, Luxor University representative and the UNESCO Regional Office in Cairo, underlining the importance of site museums for heritage preservation. This was followed by the presentation of the Egyptian conservators working on the conservation works at the Tomb KV 22. Under the guidance of the Japanese archaeological mission and the conservators at the Luxor Museum, 50 participants were then engaged in a group activity to develop a new scenario connecting the items related to the Amenhotep III at the Museum.</p> <p class="text-align-justify">Each group identified the relevant items, took photos, and wrote descriptions to develop a new trail at the Museum. The outcomes of their exercise were located on the museum map and posted on the dedicated Facebook page. This activity allowed them to re-curate the Amenhotep III collection at the Museum from a youth perspective, leading to recommendations for alternative presentations.</p> <p class="text-align-justify">H.E. Ambassador Oka joined the final presentation and closing session. He congratulated them on their excellent work that could contribute to the ongoing Amenhotep III project, reiterating the importance of Egyptian heritage as a foundation of the identity of young people representing the future.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-full paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="js-slider-full field field--name-field-slides field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="slide left"> <div class="wrapper-infos"> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Youth Workshop</div> </div> <div class="wrapper-image"> <div class="field field--name-field-ref-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-full-size"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="1280" height="960"> <source media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"> <source media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"> <source media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1280" height="960"> <source media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"> <source media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"> <img src="https://www.unesco.org/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/article/2024-03/11%20workshop%20for%20youth.jpg?itok=OeFh4gbr" alt="Workshop for youth " title="Workshop for youth " width="375" height="624"> </picture></div> </article> <div class="media--copyright field field--name-field-copyright field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">UNESCO</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div id="workshop-for-community-women-in-archaeology-and-conservation-waseda-house-8-march-2024" class="paragraph-border above paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-block paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="row"> <div class="wrapper-infos col-lg-6"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"> <h2>Workshop for Community: Women in Archaeology and Conservation (Waseda House, 8 March 2024)</h2> </div> <div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"> <p class="text-align-justify">A Workshop for Community provided an opportunity for sharing information on the project's progress and the pivotal role of women professionals as a contribution to the celebration of International Women's Day (8 March) under the 2024 annual theme "Invest in Women: Accelerate Progress".</p> <p class="text-align-justify">Welcoming the participants, the representative of the UNESCO Regional Office in Cairo praised the project's progress, acknowledged the project team's invaluable contribution working hand in hand with the Egyptian authorities, and reiterated UNESCO's commitment to gender equality and empowerment of women as its global priority.</p> <p class="text-align-justify">The panel of national and international experts then shared their experience pursuing heritage-related professions in diverse areas ranging from archaeology, conservation science, Egyptology, art history, education, tourism, intercultural communication, journalism, photography, and cultural policy. The discussions centred around challenges they faced in terms of access to education and training, work-life balance, and social norms and how they coped with them. The KV 22 project team reported the participation of an increased number of Egyptian women specialists in the current phase. UNESCO representative mentioned the <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/united-nations-international-day-women-and-girls-science-arab-women-science-platform-launches">Arab Women in Science Platform,</a> recently established in partnership with the Arab Academy of Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT) to connect, share experiences, and access career-enhancing programmes while addressing gender stereotypes in science and advocating for gender transformative policies and open science. </p> <p class="text-align-justify">This was followed by a group activity to draw missing pieces of the mural paintings in the Tomb for "Pop-up exhibits", a new form of cultural event that could be organized in an unconventional public space to create an experience to reach out to new audiences and wider communities to get the message through.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph-simple display-normal paragraph paragraph--type--media paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="wrapper-medias"> <div class="slider-nav"> <div class="count">2/5</div> <div class="carousel-buttons"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/engaging-communities-managing-tomb-amenhotep-iii-world-heritage-site-luxor#" class="previous carousel-button round round-md round-gray1 slick-arrow" aria-disabled="false" style="">next<i class="material-icons-sharp">chevron_left</i></a><a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/engaging-communities-managing-tomb-amenhotep-iii-world-heritage-site-luxor#" class="next carousel-button round round-md round-gray1 slick-arrow" type="button" style="" aria-disabled="false">previous<i class="material-icons-sharp">chevron_right</i></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h3 class="share-title"><br> </h3> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-14218054943227324962024-03-10T21:03:00.000-07:002024-03-10T21:07:49.781-07:00Archaeologists Discover Canaanite 'Temple of the Rising Sun' Near Jerusalem - Archaeology - Haaretz.com<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/2024-03-10/ty-article/archaeologists-discover-canaanite-temple-of-the-rising-sun-in-central-israel/0000018e-26fe-d7d3-abce-66ffa0260000">https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/2024-03-10/ty-article/archaeologists-discover-canaanite-temple-of-the-rising-sun-in-central-israel/0000018e-26fe-d7d3-abce-66ffa0260000</a><br /> <br /> <img alt="https://img.haarets.co.il/bs/0000018e-26fe-d7d3-abce-66ff9f8e0000/57/07/138975ae4841a7901f1b628237db/55913074.JPG?precrop=1280,853,x0,y0&height=952&width=1429" height="426" src="https://img.haarets.co.il/bs/0000018e-26fe-d7d3-abce-66ff9f8e0000/57/07/138975ae4841a7901f1b628237db/55913074.JPG?precrop=1280,853,x0,y0&height=952&width=1429" width="640" /> <div class="at au av aw ae ax ay az ai aj ba bb bc ak an ao bd be" data-test="articleHeader"> <h1 class="bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq" data-test="articleHeaderTitle">Archaeologists Discover Canaanite 'Temple of the Rising Sun' Near Jerusalem</h1> <p class="kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf" data-test="articleHeaderSubtitle">Monumental structure built 3,300 years ago would have sparkled in the morning light atop Azekah, and shows close cultural links with ancient Egypt. Click on <a href="https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/2024-03-10/ty-article/archaeologists-discover-canaanite-temple-of-the-rising-sun-in-central-israel/0000018e-26fe-d7d3-abce-66ffa0260000">link</a> to read. <br /> </p> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-73653073525241584442024-03-09T20:38:00.001-08:002024-03-09T20:38:50.094-08:00Piccadilly's Egyptian Hall | Londonist<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://londonist.com/london/features/egyptian-hall-piccadilly">https://londonist.com/london/features/egyptian-hall-piccadilly</a><br> <br> <h1 class="headline" itemprop="headline">Wish You Were (Still) Here: Piccadilly's Egyptian Hall</h1> <div id="author-credit" class="imagined"> <div class="article_image"> <a href="https://londonist.com/contributors/will-noble"> <img alt="Will Noble" src="https://assets.londonist.com/uploads/2018/07/i75x75/img_20180623_103649_1.jpg"> </a> </div> <div id="meta" class="author-credit-detail"> <span class="date"> </span> <span class="meta-author">By <a href="https://londonist.com/contributors/will-noble">Will Noble</a></span> </div> </div> <div id="body-block" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/NewsArticle"> <div itemprop="articleBody"> <p><em>An occasional feature, in which we mourn the loss of an exceptional slice of London, wishing it was still here. This time: Piccadilly's Egyptian Hall.</em></p> <figure id="9b54e0b90c269f0b05d2" class="alignnone caption" data-id="231413"><img class="" src="https://assets.londonist.com/uploads/2024/02/i875/egyptian_hall__piccadilly_-_shepherd__metropolitan_improvements_-1828-__p295.jpg" alt="An Egyptian style hall" itemprop="image"> <figcaption class="">The Egyptian Hall used to stand opposite the Burlington Arcade, and was almost impossible to ignore. Image: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_Hall#/media/File:Egyptian_Hall,_Piccadilly_-_Shepherd,_Metropolitan_Improvements_(1828),_p295.jpg">public domain</a></figcaption> </figure> <h2>What was the Egyptian Hall all about?</h2> <p>Britain had two broad bouts of 'Egyptomania'; the second was the fallout from the discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb in 1922, which folded in rather neatly with the art deco movement of the time. The first was sparked some century-and-a-quarter earlier, thanks to Nelson's victory at the Battle of the Nile in 1798, and Napoleon's campaign in Egypt from 1798-1801. Particularly because Bonaparte had been <a href="https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/discover/history/what-is-egyptomania">accompanied by scientists</a> who documented the remains of many monuments, a European fascination with ancient Egypt was sparked. Real life relics like Cleopatra's Needle found their way over to Britain, while British architects were also inspired to have a crack at recreating the Egyptian style. The first time this was the case with a full-blown building was Peter Fredrick Robinson's Egyptian Hall, commissioned by the naturalist William Bullock, and completed in 1812. Partly inspired by the Egyptian room at Thomas Hope's house in Marylebone, <a href="https://memoirsofametrogirl.com/2020/06/19/egyptian-hall-piccadilly-history-london/">Memoirs of a Metro Girl</a> tells us the Egyptian Hall also borrowed from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendera_Temple_complex">Temple of Dendera</a>, with its winged mundus, scarabreus and outward projecting facade.</p> <h2>What was actually in the Egyptian Hall?</h2> <figure id="140d4277d3bcd72aafbd" class="alignnone caption" data-id="231428"><img class="" src="https://assets.londonist.com/uploads/2024/02/i730/napoleon-carriage.jpg" alt="Napoleon's carriage" itemprop="image"> <figcaption class="">Napoleon's carriage, once on display at the Egyptian Hall, now at Chateau de Malmaison near Paris. Image: <a href="https://flickr.com/photos/damiavos/10798294225/in/photolist-5G2eAh-hsd5ED-2hGk9Qb-RX2Wfw-SbCHgv-eFJive-aw9ezV-2pwSryi-eFHcUT-2p7FrLU-2i5GufX-2pwU6Nk-51svu9-2pwTkeu-4ojzW8-N51MG-4ooDiA-51ojDi-51sByA-51sBff-4PgMqX-4PkTJh-5j6ed8-4ooCZ1-7k6HHo-51ojop-uSxdTN-fo9Esc-qrakg7-aDRnvN-aDRj89-hsdLAj-2p1tHsd-pLRhii-gx3c5G-5hWQcG">damian entwistle</a> via creative commons</figcaption> </figure> <p>Although some ancient Egyptian objects were displayed, there was a lot more going on. The Hall was often referred to as the 'London Museum', but really it was more of a world and natural history museum rolled in with an art gallery. Until 1819 the Hall housed William Bullock's collection of over 20,000 natural history objects, including a grim menagerie called the 'Pantherion', containing a stuffed elephant, rhino, zebra and 'cameleopard' (known to you and me as a giraffe). There were also grand artworks (such as the 26-foot-long 'The Judgement of Brutus Upon His Sons') plus Napoleon-related curios, including his carriage, captured after the Battle of Waterloo. Incredibly, the coach was presented alongside its one-armed driver, who'd also been captured by the Brits, and now stood next to the coach as a living exhibit. Visitors' fascination with the captured carriage was such, it was <a href="https://www.regencyhistory.net/2015/06/what-happened-to-napoleons-carriage.html">parodied</a> by the cartoonist Thomas Rowland.</p> <h2>Was it always a museum?</h2> <figure id="188c35c97c65d7b19362" class="alignnone caption" data-id="231431"><img class="" src="https://assets.londonist.com/uploads/2024/02/i730/magic-show.jpg" alt="A flyer for a Maskelyne magic show" itemprop="image"> <figcaption class="">The Egyptian Hall became 'England's Home of Mystery'. Image: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_Hall#/media/File:DISTRICT(1888)_p135_-_Arcana,_Egyptian_Hall_(advertisement).jpg">public domain</a></figcaption> </figure> <p>By 1844, the Egyptian Hall was humbly billing itself "the most magnificent and extensive Collection of Historical Curiosities and Works of Art ever known to have been formed by One Person" (their random use of caps, not ours). By this time, Bullock's natural history collection had long been sold off, and the Hall was filled with everything from James Ward's Allegory of Waterloo, to a family of Laplanders and their reindeers, offering sleigh rides. In fact, the Hall grew rather fond of these exotic meet-and-greets; in 1865, a group of Chinese people could be visited here, including Chang, a seven foot, eight inch-tall 19-year-old. Later still the Hall was repurposed into more of a theatre, specialising in the mystical and magical, with the likes of the 'Real Indian Basket Trick', in which exotic flower trees were said to grow instantaneously in front of spectators' eyes. The conjurers Maskelyne and Cooke (the former, who invented the world-famous levitation trick) appeared at the Egyptian Hall for over 30 years, making it 'England's Home of Mystery', and influencing the likes of French filmmaker extraordinaire Georges Méliès. It was quite an extraordinary place to visit.</p> <h2>What happened to it?</h2> <figure id="6b27a04859c024fdecd5" class="alignnone caption portrait" data-id="231432"><img class="" src="https://assets.londonist.com/uploads/2024/02/i730/egyptian_hall_redesigned_by_jb_papworth.jpg" alt="The Great Room of the Egyptian Hall, as redesigned by J. B. Papworth in 1819" itemprop="image"> <figcaption class="">The Great Room of the Egyptian Hall, as redesigned by J. B. Papworth in 1819. Image: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_Hall#/media/File:Egyptian_Hall_redesigned_by_JB_Papworth.jpg">public domain</a></figcaption> </figure> <p>The Egyptian Hall was demolished in 1905 to make way for shops and offices, standing opposite Burlington Arcade (built a few years after the Egyptian Hall). If it'd managed to hold on less than 20 years more, maybe it'd have been given a repreive, thanks to the second wave of Egyptomania. The replacement building is now called Egyptian House, though that's the only thing remotely Egyptian about it. The ground floor occupants though, currently include the French bistro Richoux, which you can read as an extremely subtle nod to Napoleon, and the fact none of this might've existed in the first place. If you want.</p> <h2>Can I see anything like the Egyptian Hall in real life now?</h2> <figure id="4cd73701080bc7667786" class="alignnone caption portrait" data-id="231430"><img class="" src="https://assets.londonist.com/uploads/2024/02/i730/egyptian-house_1.jpg" alt="The Egyptian House" itemprop="image"> <figcaption class="">The Egyptian Hall lives on in smaller form in Cornwall. Image: <a href="https://flickr.com/photos/itmpa/39681618551/in/photolist-zAqEev-9DFQuE-2mtqbXZ-2oCBUwT-253ELwK-FGjC2t-6R7GCD-fdLNec-cTx94C-96xjtS-2mS3m7F-8RBqR4-6aAaig-2o5tANT-6HBJ7Q-DExZmM-8sMkfD-2owGuUo-226dmSF-7kDAHs-pTg8ee-E5MHfZ-57BDT2-c8iJjA-xDMuqN-HmL7rY-2dtBMam-2hvr9yj-9okkRB-HiCn5p-HmL7Rq-23swEH6-23pPk6f-rKKNrP-2n9WUhQ-FjJj8Y-23pPeoy-2n6hwPe-2jKMN7q-2jKLSV9-2jKHi8H-57FQJW-3h8gKj">Tom Parnell</a> via creative commons</figcaption> </figure> <p>London is smattered with many Egyptian goodies, from the <a href="https://londonist.com/london/museums-and-galleries/the-petrie-museum-the-free-egyptology-museum-without-the-british-museum-crowds">Petrie Museum</a> to Cleopatra's Needle. However, if you want to see a building that's strikingly similar to the Egyptian Hall, head to Paddington.... then catch a train to Penzance in Cornwall. Here you'll find the <a href="https://www.landmarktrust.org.uk/search-and-book/landmark-groups/egyptian-house/#Search">Egyptian House</a>, which is heavily influenced by the Piccadilly's Egyptian Hall. And the best thing about it (aside from the cracking Admiral Benbow pub nearby)? You can stay here.</p> </div> <p class="updated-date"><em>Last Updated 08 March 2024</em></p> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-83517521337525211582024-03-05T21:01:00.001-08:002024-03-05T21:01:24.714-08:00Reinstallation of Room 6, Deir el-Medina - Museo Egizio<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.museoegizio.it/en/explore/news/reinstallation-of-room-6-deir-el-medina">https://www.museoegizio.it/en/explore/news/reinstallation-of-room-6-deir-el-medina</a><a href="https://it-it.facebook.com/museoegizio" target="_blank" aria-label="facebook"><span class="icon icon-facebook undefined sc-bwzfXH hOLXZq"></span></a><a href="https://www.instagram.com/museoegizio/" target="_blank" aria-label="instagram"><span class="icon icon-instagram undefined sc-bwzfXH hOLXZq"></span></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/museo-egizio/" target="_blank" aria-label="linkedin"><span class="icon icon-linkedin undefined sc-bwzfXH hOLXZq"></span></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCu0NN4cZekeB2KKha2XwYyQ" target="_blank" aria-label="youtube"><span class="icon icon-youtube undefined sc-bwzfXH hOLXZq"></span></a><a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/4DGBGTGaXOol0eL4GLEZYl" target="_blank" aria-label="spotify"><svg class="icon icon-spotify" fill="white" width="24" height="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd"></svg></a> <div class="hero short-hero sc-lhVmIH dUkbxK"> <div class="hero sc-jwKygS cVMRrn" content="[object Object]"> <div class="wrap"> <h1 class="title undefined"><img src="https://api.museoegizio.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/DSC0386-NEF-HDR.jpg" alt="https://api.museoegizio.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/DSC0386-NEF-HDR.jpg" class="shrinkToFit" width="752" height="501"></h1> <h1 class="title undefined">Reinstallation of Room 6, Deir el-Medina</h1> <div class="button"> <div class="button"> <div class="item sc-cmTdod eYxEzK"><br> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="info-no-sticky"> <div class="sc-dNLxif fIojHn"> <div class="bottom sc-iwsKbI iQkuNT"> <div class="small-info sc-btzYZH dSrXgU"> <div class="info-icon"><span class="icon icon-email icon sc-bwzfXH gEXzKj"></span></div> <div class="detail"> <div class="title-info sc-dnqmqq OjvhF" content="info@museitorino.it"> <div><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:info@museitorino.it">info@museitorino.it</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="small-info sc-btzYZH dSrXgU"> <div class="info-icon"><span class="icon icon-phone icon sc-bwzfXH gEXzKj"></span></div> <div class="detail"> <div class="title-info sc-dnqmqq OjvhF" content="011 44 06 903"> <div>011 44 06 903</div> </div> <div class="desc-info sc-dnqmqq OjvhF" content="From Monday to Saturday from 9:00 a.m. to 6:30 p.m."> <div>From Monday to Saturday from 9:00 a.m. to 6:30 p.m.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="left"> <div class="sc-bMvGRv bIhgKo"> <div class="sc-dnqmqq OjvhF" content="<div class="x_elementToProof">For quite some time, the Museo Egizio has been working on the reinstallation of Room 6, which showcases artifacts from the village of Deir el-Medina.</div> <p class="x_elementToProof">A comprehensive and cross-functional working group, internal to the museum, has conducted <strong>new research</strong>, both in terms of Egyptology and exhibition design, as well as regarding the interpretation and accessibility of content in the room.</p> <p class="x_elementToProof">Why is it so important to reorganize the room dedicated to Deir el-Medina? The site is located on the west bank of the Nile, opposite the city of Luxor, and it has been perfectly preserved because no modern city has been built over it since its abandonment. Deir el-Medina was the home of a community of artisans responsible for excavating and decorating the royal tombs of the nearby Valleys of the Kings and Queens. The context is unique because it preserves the remains of an entire village, a votive area, and a necropolis with some of the most beautiful non-royal tombs in Egypt. The site is particularly important because it has provided the most significant information about daily life in ancient Egypt. It was excavated by Ernesto Schiaparelli and the Missione Archeologica Italiana between 1905 and 1909.</p> <p class="x_elementToProof"><strong>On Monday, March 4, 2024, we will begin the reinstallation of the objects, which will continue until March 28</strong>.</p> <p class="x_elementToProof">It will be carried out in plain view, and <strong>public access to Room 7 (which houses the Tomb of Kha and Merit) as well as the passage to the "In Search of Life" room, is guaranteed.</strong></p> <p class="x_elementToProof"><strong>The new arrangement will be completed and available to the public from March 29, 2024.</strong></p>"> <div> <div class="x_elementToProof">For quite some time, the Museo Egizio has been working on the reinstallation of Room 6, which showcases artifacts from the village of Deir el-Medina.</div> <br> <p class="x_elementToProof">A comprehensive and cross-functional working group, internal to the museum, has conducted <strong>new research</strong>, both in terms of Egyptology and exhibition design, as well as regarding the interpretation and accessibility of content in the room.</p> <br> <p class="x_elementToProof">Why is it so important to reorganize the room dedicated to Deir el-Medina? The site is located on the west bank of the Nile, opposite the city of Luxor, and it has been perfectly preserved because no modern city has been built over it since its abandonment. Deir el-Medina was the home of a community of artisans responsible for excavating and decorating the royal tombs of the nearby Valleys of the Kings and Queens. The context is unique because it preserves the remains of an entire village, a votive area, and a necropolis with some of the most beautiful non-royal tombs in Egypt. The site is particularly important because it has provided the most significant information about daily life in ancient Egypt. It was excavated by Ernesto Schiaparelli and the Missione Archeologica Italiana between 1905 and 1909.</p> <br> <p class="x_elementToProof"><strong>On Monday, March 4, 2024, we will begin the reinstallation of the objects, which will continue until March 28</strong>.</p> <br> <p class="x_elementToProof">It will be carried out in plain view, and <strong>public access to Room 7 (which houses the Tomb of Kha and Merit) as well as the passage to the "In Search of Life" room, is guaranteed.</strong></p> <br> <p class="x_elementToProof"><strong>The new arrangement will be completed and available to the public from March 29, 2024.</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-82000533897181527842024-03-05T20:45:00.001-08:002024-03-05T20:45:49.849-08:00Archaeologists find missing top half of Ramses II statue in Egypt<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/egypt/2024/03/05/archaeologists-find-missing-top-half-of-ramses-ii-statue-in-egypt/">https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/egypt/2024/03/05/archaeologists-find-missing-top-half-of-ramses-ii-statue-in-egypt/</a><br> <br> <h1 style="font-family:Acumin Pro ExtraCondensed;font-weight:700;line-height:1em" class="headline false">Archaeologists find missing top half of Ramses II statue in Egypt</h1> <h2 class="h4-primary sub-headline">Uncovered head and torso a match for the lower section discovered in 1930 by a German archaeologist</h2> <figure class="lead-art-block__LeadArtWrapperFigure-sc-1ajejoi-1 ipcUKv lead-art-wrapper display_block"> <div class="position_relative"><img data-chromatic="ignore" alt="The top section of a limestone statue of Ramses II was unearthed in El Ashmunein, south of the Egyptian city of Minya. Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities via Reuters" class="c-image" src="https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/QZSEPKR2G7XV3OJZG37NVVKUVE.jpg?smart=true&auth=83fbd9b8ea375ec46a7c6110a1393835fda2d55c668cbe7110e314b7a5c1035b&width=800&height=1422" width="800" height="1422"></div> <figcaption class="margin-xs-top hidden_md hidden_sm"> <p class="image-metadata">The top section of a limestone statue of Ramses II was unearthed in El Ashmunein, south of the Egyptian city of Minya. Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities via Reuters</p> </figcaption></figure> <div></div> <div id="" class="container-fluid"> <div class="horizontal-chain-container"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-md-xl-6"> <div class="article-author margin-sm-bottom"> <div class="article-author__content display_flex"> <div class="article-author__media margin-xxs-right"><img alt="Kamal Tabikha author image" class="c-image" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/arc-authors/thenational/e71eee50-7d3c-4c5e-9fc6-05fc0bd92abd.png" style="height: 50px; width: 50px;" width="50" height="50"></div> <div class="article-author__copy"> <div class="article-author__name font_family_acumin_pro_bold font_color_black display_flex margin-xxs-bottom font_16"> <div class="display_inline-block"><a class="decoration_none display_flex " href="https://www.thenationalnews.com/topics/Author/kamal-tabikha/">Kamal Tabikha</a></div> </div> <div class="article-author__location font_family_acumin_pro_bold font_color_grey_2">Cairo</div> <div class="article-author__date font_family_acumin_pro_regular font_color_grey_30">Mar 05, 2024</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-md-xl-6"> <div class="translator-buttons-placeholder display_flex flex_direction_column flex_align_items_flex_end"> <div class="translator-buttons-placeholder__buttons"> <div class="translator-buttons-placeholder__buttons__button nowrap margin-xs-right button_en display_flex flex_align_items_center border font_16 font_bold font_color_grey_2 active"> <div role="group" tabindex="0" class="rhap_container rhap_loop--off rhap_play-status--paused "> <div class="rhap_main rhap_stacked"> <div class="rhap_controls-section"> <div class="rhap_main-controls"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="translator-buttons-placeholder__buttons__button nowrap margin-xs-right button_ar display_flex flex_align_items_center border font_16 font_bold font_color_grey_2 "> <div role="group" tabindex="0" class="rhap_container rhap_loop--off rhap_play-status--paused "> <div class="rhap_main rhap_stacked"> <div class="rhap_controls-section"> <div class="rhap_main-controls"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="advanced-grid-1 layout-section main "> <div id="" class="container-fluid"> <div class="horizontal-chain-container"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-md-xl-6"> <div class="translator-buttons-placeholder display_flex flex_direction_column flex_align_items_flex_end"> <div class="translator-buttons-placeholder__version font_bold text_right font_12 display_flex flex_align_items_flex_end">Powered by automated translation</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="advanced-grid-3 layout-section main2 "> <article id="" class="default__ArticleBody-sc-1jtxuc8-4 gFNdLh custom-article-body-wrapper article-type--standard "> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">The top half of a statue of <a href="https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/egypt/" target="_blank">Egyptian</a> pharaoh Ramses II has been unearthed in southern Egypt, the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities has revealed.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">The discovery by an Egyptian-US mission completes the statue after the lower half was discovered in the same area, the Ashmunein region of Al Minya province, almost a century ago.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">The top section, 3.8 metres tall, depicts Ramses II's head, shoulders and upper torso.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">The pharaoh is portrayed wearing the dual crown indicating his rule over both Egypt's Upper and Lower kingdoms. A cobra, a symbol of royalty in ancient Egypt, can be seen at the front of the crown.</p> <div class="arcad-container"> <div id="arcad_4367" class="arcad ad-1x1"></div> </div> <div class="arcad-container"></div> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">Preliminary scans of the limestone block have confirmed that it is part of the statue of Ramses II statue unearthed in 1930 by German archaeologist Gunther Roeder.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">Once the two parts are joined, the statue is expected to stand seven metres, said Dr Bassem Gehad, head of the Egyptian team taking part in the excavation mission.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">Ramses II, also known as Ramses the Great, was the third pharaoh of the 19th Dynasty of Egypt and ruled from 1,279 to 1,213 BC.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">The Egyptian team, working under the authority of the Supreme Council of Antiquities, and with counterparts from the University of Colorado mission, began an excavation in Ashmunein last year to find a religious complex believed to date back to Egypt's New Kingdom era (1550-1070 BC) before collapsing during Roman rule centuries later.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">"Though we have not found the complex we were initially looking for, a statue of such importance is a sign that we are digging in the right place," said Adel Okasha, an antiquities official who oversaw the dig.</p> <div class="arcad-container"></div> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">He said more notable discoveries are expected.</p> <section class="block-margin-bottom custom-gallery custom-gallery-embed padding-xs-top"> <section aria-roledescription="carousel" aria-label="Ramses and the Gold of the Pharoahs exhibition - in pictures" class="styled__GalleryDiv-sc-1ueii03-0 breKa-d"> <div id="gallery-images-VCAS55FSLFB7NC26PM7Q6YKMOY" aria-live="polite" class="styled__CarouselContainer-sc-1ueii03-2 fOlCjJ"> <div id="gallery-pos-0" data-image-id="C7Y346PIDKAOT54GY62HLNQ5MI" style="transform: translate(0%); transition-duration: 1s;" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="1 of 14" aria-hidden="false" class="styled__ImageWrapper-sc-1ueii03-4 bhGQjn"><br> <img data-chromatic="ignore" alt="The sarcophagus of Ramses II is displayed on the opening day of the exhibition 'Ramses and the Gold of the Pharaohs' at the Grande Halle de la Villette in Paris. AFP" class="c-image" src="https://thenational-the-national-prod.cdn.arcpublishing.com/resizer/v2/C7Y346PIDKAOT54GY62HLNQ5MI.jpg?smart=true&auth=8c04e4653e27ed13cfd1e88ece1db588ab2e75f603c3ce1332c0c0ff24a511d3&width=800&height=533" width="800" height="533"><br> <span><b><font size="2">The sarcophagus of Ramses II is displayed on the opening day of the exhibition 'Ramses and the Gold of the Pharaohs' at the Grande Halle de la Villette in Paris. AFP</font></b></span></div> </div> </section> </section> </article> </div> <section class="block-margin-bottom custom-gallery custom-gallery-embed padding-xs-top"> <section aria-roledescription="carousel" aria-label="Ramses and the Gold of the Pharoahs exhibition - in pictures" class="styled__GalleryDiv-sc-1ueii03-0 breKa-d"> </section> </section> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">The city of El Ashmunein, on the west bank of the Nile, was known in ancient Egypt as Khemnu and in the Greco-Roman era was the regional capital of Hermopolis Magna.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">Dr Salima Ikram, a professor of Egyptology at the American University in Cairo, said the discovery was notable because "it completes the half found many, many years ago".</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">"Not only is it a wonderful opportunity to have a whole other massive statue of the famed king, it also adds to our general understanding and fills gaps in our data on the large corpus of Ramses II's statuary," Dr Ikram told <i>The National</i>.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">"Through each discovery, we have been able to trace changes in the style during the course of his very long reign."</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">Statues of Ramses II, the longest-reigning pharaoh and one of ancient Egypt's most depicted figures, draw visitors to a number of the country's historical sites including the dual temples of Abu Simbel, in Egypt's southernmost province of Aswan.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">The four giant statues of Ramses II that flank the main entrance, each 20 metres tall, gained international fame in the 1960s during an operation to move the temples to higher ground to prevent them being submerged by Lake Nasser, the reservoir of the High Aswan Dam.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">Thousands of tourists visit the temples to see the Sun light up a wall engraving of Ramses II in a small chamber inside twice a year. The alignment takes place on February 22 and October 22, said to be the dates of Ramses II's birthday and his coronation day, respectively.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">Another statue of the Ramses II once stood in a busy square in central Cairo near its largest train station, both named after the pharaoh, before it was moved to be the centrepiece of the main hall in the Grand Egyptian Museum, a vast complex near the Pyramids of Giza, which has been under construction since 2002 and is nearing completion.</p> <p class="default__StyledText-sc-1jtxuc8-1 jQghZF body-paragraph">Ramses II's mummy, along with the remains of 21 other ancient kings and queens, was transferred from the Egyptian Museum in Tahrir Square in Cairo in 2021 in a grand parade that was covered by international media and renewed interest in Egyptian heritage worldwide.</p> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-50433215076630093922024-03-04T18:17:00.001-08:002024-03-04T18:17:44.379-08:00Ancient Egyptian sarcophagus uncovered in Nile Delta en route for restoration - Ancient Egypt - Antiquities - Ahram Online<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/518767.aspx">https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/518767.aspx</a><br> <br> <div class="col-12 nopadding inner"> <h1 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_hd" class="title title-inner">Ancient Egyptian sarcophagus uncovered in Nile Delta en route for restoration</h1> <div class="col-12 nopadding img-inner row"> <div class="col-md-12 col-lg-10"> <h1 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_divtitlew" class="title title-inner"></h1> </div> <div id="ContentPlaceHolder1_divimgw" class="col-md-12 col-lg-2"> </div> <div class="col-lg-12" style="margin-bottom: -8px;"> <h6 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_sourceWr" class="read"></h6> </div> <div class="col-lg-12"> <h6 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_date" class="read" style="color: #000"></h6> </div> </div> <h6 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_source" class="read"><a href="https://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/Nevine-ElAref/283/0.aspx">Nevine El-Aref</a> , Sunday 3 Mar 2024</h6> <p id="ContentPlaceHolder1_bref"></p> <p style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serifl!important">A 26-dynasty sarcophagus uncovered at a university hospital construction site in the Delta town of Banha is on its way to being restored at the Qalyoubiya archaeological site after undergoing rescue excavation, Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA) announced on Sunday.</p> <p></p> </div> <div id="ContentPlaceHolder1_divImg" class="col-12 nopadding img-inner"><img src="https://english.ahram.org.eg/Media/News/2024/3/3/41_2024-638450914065342651-534.jpg" alt="ancient Egyptian " class="img-fluid inner-main"><br> <div class="Caption">An 26-dynasty ancient Egyptian sarcophagus uncovered in a Nile Delta hospital construction site </div> </div> <div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 10px;"> <div id="gpt-passback"> </div> </div> <div id="ContentPlaceHolder1_divContent" class="col-12 nopadding mar-top fixcontent"> <p>The sarcophagus was unearthed during rescue excavations at the site designated for constructing the Benha University Hospital in Qalyoubiya Governorate.</p> <p>The SCA initiated the relocation process of the quartzite sarcophagus, which dates back to the reign of King Psamtik I from the 26 Dynasty.</p> <p>Mustafa Waziri, the Secretary-General of the SCA, elaborated on the meticulous scientific protocols followed in lifting and transporting it.</p> <p>A specialized team from the SCA and the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) conducted preliminary restoration tasks at the excavation site, including mechanical cleaning and reinforcing of the sarcophagus and its lid.</p> <p><img alt="" src="https://english.ahram.org.eg/media/news/2024/3/3/2024-638450914362802477-280.jpg"></p> <p>Subsequently, it will be transferred to the Qalyoubiya Antiquities area for thorough maintenance and restoration procedures.</p> <p>The sarcophagus weighs approximately 62 tons, inclusive of its lid. Initial studies suggest that it belonged to the overseer of the scribes during the reign of King Psamtik I of the 26th Dynasty, as evidenced by an engraved relief portraying King Psamtik I beneath the lid.</p> <p>The SCA remains committed to ongoing rescue excavations until all activities at the site are concluded, ensuring the absence of any additional archaeological artefacts, Waziri said.</p> <div class="line_inner_AfterTopic"></div> <div class="shortlnk" style=" font-weight: bold;">Short link: <br> <input disabled="disabled" type="text" class="form-control selectall" value="https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/518767.aspx"></div> <p> </p> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-62778395665059134522024-03-03T19:47:00.000-08:002024-03-03T19:52:01.258-08:00Northern Cal. ARCE Egyptology Lecture March 17 - Imhotep: The Man, the Myth, the Monster<br /> <div class="moz-forward-container"> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="height: 1980px; width: 1048px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top"> <div class="moz-text-html" lang="x-unicode"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgxVKmoJ8tZCZPDN38DVvPwuLY6a88Bj6N4vlwIzsTgWh-c4pDjMLoOQ11rbCSmqMSd7XvhO5P5mJZRg3CQDWuTekXO7kudY9-smZHGB_Btp3nA3DHmvXUlXYQesu9HnK_kesCkvyfAKq9RpffYv-JJF_KAsp1gfYnsS7UNSeGQYlM5V8nWN0NlTQAY7RI-" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7342350067274066866" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgxVKmoJ8tZCZPDN38DVvPwuLY6a88Bj6N4vlwIzsTgWh-c4pDjMLoOQ11rbCSmqMSd7XvhO5P5mJZRg3CQDWuTekXO7kudY9-smZHGB_Btp3nA3DHmvXUlXYQesu9HnK_kesCkvyfAKq9RpffYv-JJF_KAsp1gfYnsS7UNSeGQYlM5V8nWN0NlTQAY7RI-=s320" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The American Research Center in Egypt, Northern California chapter, and the UC Berkeley Department of Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures invite you to attend a <b>lecture by </b></span></span></span><font color="#330033"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">Dr. Julia Troche, Missouri State University, Springfield</font></b></font></font></b></font>:</span></span></span></font><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><b><span><b><br /> <br /> </b></span></b></span></span></span><span><b><br /> </b></span> <hr size="2" width="100%" /> <div class="caption-inner"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: 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#330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><i><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><b><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><b><span style="color: #3333ff;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><b><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><b><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span style="color: #3333ff;"><span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><font size="+2"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#3333ff">Imhotep: The Man, the Myth, the Monster</font><br /> <font color="#666666">Sunday March 17, 2024, 3 PM Pacific Time</font><br /> <font color="#666666">Room 140, Social Sciences Building, UC Berkeley<br /> </font></font></b></i></font><font size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><font color="#666666" size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="4"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font size="5"><font color="#ff0000">This in-person lecture will be recorded for later publication on YouTube<font size="+2"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">.</font></font></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></font></b></i></font></font></font></b></i></font><br /> </font></font></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span><span 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black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, 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sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><br /> </b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span> <table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="height: 498px; width: 1036px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiBF32_-hqKiv2Ri03mEFfs7HC7ad_NpDb-kKMKdoGDZ42jKiauL0r98NSCcOp7yk1RBnyroJRye3z1COab3V0r3WbO5VWygYdGTJafCz-NVNknkmYRMKXhepcCzTj8RcDZR1aNFuTsaFvShsO0n_GxBRPjkfIfAxYQHZWfBnRXCS37A7PFnvfIEnEDtgCR"><img alt="" border="0" height="786" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7342350077673480258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiBF32_-hqKiv2Ri03mEFfs7HC7ad_NpDb-kKMKdoGDZ42jKiauL0r98NSCcOp7yk1RBnyroJRye3z1COab3V0r3WbO5VWygYdGTJafCz-NVNknkmYRMKXhepcCzTj8RcDZR1aNFuTsaFvShsO0n_GxBRPjkfIfAxYQHZWfBnRXCS37A7PFnvfIEnEDtgCR=w673-h786" width="673" /></a></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span><br /> <span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /> About the Lecture:<br /> </span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span><br /> <span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;">"It comes to life!" is the tagline for the 1932 Universal film <i>The Mummy</i> wherein a reanimated Imhotep, as the mummy horror icon, brings terror and violence to all who encounter him. Imhotep, in fact, was a historical ancient Egyptian who is credited with engineering Egypt's first pyramid, the stepped pyramid at Saqqara for King Djoser (c. 2650 BCE). In antiquity he was venerated as a folk hero and eventually worshiped as a god. How and why did Imhotep become a horror icon? The answer is what we refer to as "Egyptomania," that is, our obsession with and consumption of ancient Egypt throughout history. This talk invites audiences to follow Imhotep and his many legacies throughout history as a way to explore Egyptomania. But it is not all fun and amusement park rides, as we consider some of the benefits and problems of Egyptomania in our everyday lives.</span></span><br /> <br /> <br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj9tf9LJSIULPRp4i3dS5qDOuIkeslQK-lXCItYe03vbxF5GqX5n_xfgai7E0kmus0OFNsyoqBvq7VKcrfSTpEHE7wYC48gkpXYgTLvPNPhkXyF2g4DGU8C7SRqmjN7dhyd_79vxy90ajnHFyUXWKlu3WrAR4GnAVvAA1hqEKBEDSO82MdmsiWbKkX64d8I"><img alt="" border="0" height="398" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7342350087200511138" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj9tf9LJSIULPRp4i3dS5qDOuIkeslQK-lXCItYe03vbxF5GqX5n_xfgai7E0kmus0OFNsyoqBvq7VKcrfSTpEHE7wYC48gkpXYgTLvPNPhkXyF2g4DGU8C7SRqmjN7dhyd_79vxy90ajnHFyUXWKlu3WrAR4GnAVvAA1hqEKBEDSO82MdmsiWbKkX64d8I=w677-h398" width="677" /></a><br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"></span><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span style="font-size: x-large;">About the Speaker:<br /> </span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span> <br /> <div class="ydp77b50ab2yiv2563491306elementToProof"><span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;">Dr. Julia Troche is an Egyptologist, historian, and award-winning educator. She holds a Ph.D. in Egyptology from Brown University and a B.A. in History from UCLA. Dr. Troche is currently Associate Professor at Missouri State University in Springfield, MO, and Visiting Scholar of Egyptology at Brown for her sabbatical (2023-24). She serves as a Governor for the Board of the American Research Center in Egypt (ARCE), is President and co-founder of ARCE-Missouri, and for the </span><span style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal;">American Society of Overseas Research (ASOR), she is</span><span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;"> co-chair of the diversity, equity, and inclusion committee and co-chair of the Archaeology of Egypt sessions for the annual meeting. Julia's first book, <i>Death, Power, and Apotheosis in Ancient Egypt: The Old and Middle Kingdoms </i> was published in 2021 with Cornell University Press. She is currently working on a book about the god Ptah for Bloomsbury, a textbook (with B. Brinkman) for Routledge, and a series of articles on Egyptomania and Imhotep that she hopes to turn into a public-facing book.<br /> <br /> </span></div> <span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><span style="color: black;"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span><span><br /> <font size="+2">About ARCE-NC:</font></span></span></span></b></span><i><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><br /> </span></span></b></span> <span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span class="notranslate"><span class="body"></span></span></span></span></b></span> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span> <span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span> </font> <p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0.08in; orphans: 0; widows: 0;"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></font></p> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"> </font> <p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0.08in; orphans: 0; widows: 0;"> </p> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="+1"><i>For more information, please visit <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/@NorthernCaliforniaARCE" moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.youtube.com/@NorthernCaliforniaARCE</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://facebook.com/NorthernCaliforniaARCE/" moz-do-not-send="true">https://facebook.com/NorthernCaliforniaARCE/</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.arce-nc.org" moz-do-not-send="true">http://www.arce-nc.org</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://twitter.com/ARCENCPostings" moz-do-not-send="true">https://twitter.com/ARCENCPostings</a>, and <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://khentiamentiu.org" moz-do-not-send="true">https://khentiamentiu.org</a>. To join the chapter or renew your membership, please go to <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://arce.org/join-arce/" moz-do-not-send="true">https://arce.org/join-arce/</a> and select "Berkeley, CA" as your chapter when you sign up.</i></font><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #c0504d;"><i><b><span style="color: red;"><span></span></span></b></i></span></span></font></div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> </div> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-12806248959168760592024-03-03T19:12:00.001-08:002024-03-03T19:12:32.114-08:00Ancient Egyptian antiquities to go for sale at Christie's in New York on April - Egypt Independent<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.egyptindependent.com/ancient-egyptian-antiquities-to-go-for-sale-at-christies-in-new-york-on-april/">https://www.egyptindependent.com/ancient-egyptian-antiquities-to-go-for-sale-at-christies-in-new-york-on-april/</a><br> <br> <h1 class="post-title entry-title">Ancient Egyptian antiquities to go for sale at Christie's in New York on April</h1> <div id="single-post-meta" class="post-meta clearfix"><span class="author-meta single-author with-avatars"><span class="meta-item meta-author-wrapper meta-author-1137576"> <span class="meta-author-avatar"> <a href="https://www.egyptindependent.com/author/egypt-independent/"><img alt="Photo of Egypt Independent" src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5022c444049c169919e19464b74d345a?s=140&d=mm&r=g" class="avatar avatar-140 photo" width="140" height="140"></a> </span> <span class="meta-author"><a href="https://www.egyptindependent.com/author/egypt-independent/" class="author-name tie-icon" title="Egypt Independent">Egypt Independent</a></span></span></span><span class="date meta-item tie-icon">March 2, 2024</span></div> <div class="featured-area"> <div class="featured-area-inner"> <figure class="single-featured-image"><img src="https://amayei.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/2024/03/Egyptian-Green-Schist-Votive-Cubit-Rod-for-Mery-Ptah-dating-to-circa-1330-1250-B.C-772x470.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-post size-jannah-image-post wp-post-image" alt="" width="772" height="470"></figure> </div> </div> <div class="entry-content entry clearfix"> <p><a href="https://www.christies.com/auction/auction-22523-nyr">The Christie's New York auction house</a> is displaying a selection of antiques from across the ancient Mediterranean, including pieces from ancient Greek, Roman and Egyptian cultures, ranging from the third millennium BC to the third century AD, on April 9.</p> <div class="stream-item stream-item-in-post stream-item-inline-post aligncenter"></div> <p>Topping the auction is the Egyptian Green Schist Votive Cubit Rod of Mery-Ptah, dating to circa 1330-1250 B.C., once in the collection of Édouard Louis Joseph, first Baron Empain (1852-1929).</p> <p>"Also presented is a group of ancient and European engraved gems from the collection of Corinne Bronfman (1947-2022) of Washington, D.C," the official website reads.</p> <div class="stream-item stream-item-in-post stream-item-inline-post aligncenter"></div> <p>"This important selection of over 50 intaglios and cameos features rediscoveries of gems from the famed Arundel, Marlborough, Story-Maskelyne and Mertens-Schaaffhausen collections," it added.</p> <p>"Other highlights include a three-quarter life-sized Roman Marble Statue of a Goddess; a Roman Marble Altar; and a Roman Bronze Venus, formerly in the collection of Louis de Clercq (1836-1901)," the auction blurb concluded.</p> <p> </p> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-4606499065924128382024-02-29T20:39:00.000-08:002024-02-29T20:40:01.804-08:00Cleo – The AI Egyptology Platform<a href="https://cleo.aincient.org/pages/en/">https://cleo.aincient.org/pages/en/</a>
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<br>Sent from my Linux system.Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-20786550684480032592024-02-28T18:44:00.001-08:002024-02-28T18:44:29.405-08:00Wasabi Isn’t Just For Sushi: It is an Innovative Solution for Preserving Ancient Papyrus - Arkeonews<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://arkeonews.net/wasabi-isnt-just-for-sushi-it-is-an-innovative-solution-for-preserving-ancient-papyrus/#google_vignette">https://arkeonews.net/wasabi-isnt-just-for-sushi-it-is-an-innovative-solution-for-preserving-ancient-papyrus/#google_vignette</a><br> <br> <header> <h1 class="article-title h1 c-black my-4" itemprop="headline">Wasabi Isn't Just For Sushi: It is an Innovative Solution for Preserving Ancient Papyrus</h1> </header> <div class="mb-4"> <div class="featured-img" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img src="https://arkeonews.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Ancient-Papyrus-min-e1709084071896.jpeg" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" width="1200" height="548"> </div> </div> <div class="article-content content l-1"> <div class="clearfix"> <p>A new natural technique for cleaning and preserving priceless ancient Egyptian papyrus that are in danger from bacteria and fungi has been discovered by researchers. This new technique employs wasabi – yes, the pungent green paste accompanying your sushi – to combat the relentless threat of fungal damage on these precious historical documents.</p> <p>The study, led by Hanadi Saada and her team, investigated the effectiveness of wasabi vapors in eliminating microbial growth that deteriorates papyrus artifacts, which have historical and cultural significance, particularly in ancient Egypt.</p> <div class="code-block code-block-1" style="margin: 8px auto; text-align: center; display: block; clear: both;"> </div> <p>The techniques used up until now to clean and sanitize the papyri presented certain difficulties. Chemicals were employed that, while effectively eliminating microbes, sometimes damaged the papyrus fiber or altered the pigments of the illustrations. Other physical methods, such as ultraviolet rays or heat, did not always ensure the complete removal of biological agents without causing collateral damage. This is where wasabi comes into play.</p> <p>The Grand Egyptian Museum's team has devised a 'green' solution that promises to protect these ancient texts without jeopardizing their integrity by generating vapors from wasabi paste.</p> <p>Scientists simulated microbiological contamination on samples of papyrus with different pigments, including red, yellow, and blue.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img src="https://arkeonews.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/wasabi.png" alt="Wasabi in root and paste form usually served in sushi restaurants. Photo: MIURA, Yuji/ CC BY-SA 4.0" class="wp-image-15106" width="780" height="519"><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Wasabi in root and paste form usually served in sushi restaurants. Photo: MIURA, Yuji/ CC BY-SA 4.0</figcaption></figure> </div> <p>In this experiment, treatment with wasabi vapors for 72 hours eradicated microbial growth in both painted and non-painted papyrus samples with a 100% inhibition efficiency. Notably, the treatment improved the tensile strength of the papyri by 26% without causing any noticeable change to the color or surface morphology of the artifacts. Furthermore, FT-IR and EDX analyses indicated negligible chemical changes, underscoring the non-invasive nature of the treatment.</p> <p>In addition to providing a safer, more environmentally friendly option for preserving archaeological papyri, this cutting-edge technique guarantees the longevity of these priceless relics without sacrificing their integrity. The results of the study point to a dramatic shift in favor of environmentally friendly conservation techniques and highlight the significance of sustainable methods for the preservation of cultural heritage and archaeology.</p> <p>The results of this study could have an impact on preservation methods for a variety of organic archaeological materials, going beyond papyri conservation. The archaeological community is keeping a close eye on the research in the hopes that this environmentally friendly solution will usher in a new era for the preservation of our world's cultural heritage.</p> <p>The study was published in the Journal of <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305440324000025?via%3Dihub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Archaeological Science</a>.</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2024.105936" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="moz-txt-link-freetext">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2024.105936</a></p> <p>Cover Photo: <a href="https://arkeonews.net/egyptian-archaeologists-discovered-16-meters-long-ancient-papyrus-with-spells-from-the-book-of-the-dead/">The Book of the Dead of Hunefer</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus#/media/File:Book_of_the_Dead_of_Hunefer_sheet_3.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">sheet 3.</a></p> </div> <div class="link-pages c-meta l-black f-meta clearfix"> </div> </div> <div class="left small font-italic "> <div class="top d-flex"> <span class="author mr-1" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"> By <span itemprop="name"><a href="https://arkeonews.net/author/oguz/" title="Posts by oguz kayra" rel="author">oguz kayra</a></span> </span> <span class="date mr-1"> <time itemprop="datePublished" datetime="2024-02-28">28 February 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="bottom"> <span class="tags mr-1 d-inline-block"> Tags: <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/ancient-egypt/" rel="tag">Ancient Egypt</a>, <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/ancient-papyrus/" rel="tag">Ancient Papyrus</a>, <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/featured/" rel="tag">Featured</a>, <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/grand-egyptian-museum/" rel="tag">Grand Egyptian Museum</a>, <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/hanadi-saada/" rel="tag">Hanadi Saada</a>, <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/innovative-solution/" rel="tag">Innovative Solution</a>, <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/innovative-solution-for-preserving-ancient-papyrus/" rel="tag">Innovative Solution for Preserving Ancient Papyrus</a>, <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/preserving-ancient-papyrus/" rel="tag">Preserving Ancient Papyrus</a>, <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/wasabi/" rel="tag">Wasabi</a>, <a href="https://arkeonews.net/tag/wasabi-vapors/" rel="tag">wasabi vapors</a> </span> <span class="category mr-1 d-inline-block"> in <a href="https://arkeonews.net/category/news/" rel="category tag">News</a> </span> </div> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-55648687316293962342024-02-27T20:31:00.001-08:002024-02-27T20:31:54.581-08:00100 years later: Will Egypt repatriate Nefertiti's bust from Germany? | Al Mayadeen English<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://english.almayadeen.net/news/Arts&Culture/100-years-later--will-egypt-repatriate-nefertiti-s-bust-from">https://english.almayadeen.net/news/Arts&Culture/100-years-later--will-egypt-repatriate-nefertiti-s-bust-from</a><br> <br> <h1>100 years later: Will Egypt repatriate Nefertiti's bust from Germany?</h1> <div class="post-metas-wrapper"> <div class="post-metas"> <ul class="list-inline"> <li style="column-gap: 3px;"> By <span class="post-author">Inas Ramadan</span> </li> <li><span class="meta-item">Source: Al Mayadeen</span></li> <li class="media-date"> 27 Feb 2024 11:34 </li> </ul> </div> </div> <p class="p-summary">After Germany forged documents to take Nefertiti's bust, will Egypt succeed in repatriating it? And what of the renovation of the pyramids?</p> <p class="p-summary"><img class="optimal editormedia" src="https://alpha-en-media.almayadeen.net/archive/image/2024/2/26/7fba2855-2aac-4fee-82b8-81fdb2d7602c.jpg?width=1000&preset=w800" alt="Will Egypt repatriate Nefertiti's bust from Germany 100 years later?" data-src="https://alpha-en-media.almayadeen.net/archive/image/2024/2/26/7fba2855-2aac-4fee-82b8-81fdb2d7602c.jpg?width=1000" data-ratio="-1" data-id="078799ff-d551-4a25-9fde-82559b40c391" data-replace="true" style="width: 790px;"></p> <div class="p-content"> </div> <p style="text-align: justify;">"A Beautiful Woman Has Come" is what Queen Nefertiti's name means, one of Ancient Egypt's most renowned queens and alledgedly the most beautiful queen to grace the world; however, that queen is thousands of miles away from home after she was taken from Egypt's Tell el-Amarna to Germany over 100 years ago.</p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;">100 years outside of Egypt</h2> <p style="text-align: justify;"><img class="optimal editormedia" src="https://alpha-en-media.almayadeen.net/archive/image/2024/2/26/d147f187-04f0-4879-9562-76bf5db403bf.jpg?width=1000&preset=w800" alt="" data-src="https://alpha-en-media.almayadeen.net/archive/image/2024/2/26/d147f187-04f0-4879-9562-76bf5db403bf.jpg?width=1000" data-ratio="-1" data-id="72226471-f837-41db-b202-c99b30472aa4" data-replace="true" style="width: 790px;"><br> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The bust of Nefertiti, wife of King Akhenaten, was unearthed in 1912 by a German archaeological expedition in the Minya Governorate of Egypt. The expedition was led by Ludwig Borchardt and funded by German national James Simon, the president of the German Oriental Society at the time.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Borchardt hid the bust at the time of its discovery from the Egyptian expedition, before forging its records during the division of the archeological finds so that Germany could acquire it.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Over the course of more than 100 years, successive Egyptian governments have demanded the return of the bust. Still, all attempts have failed, sometimes for political reasons and other times due to the intransigence of the German side.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">However, Egyptologist Monica Hanna, who hails from Nefertiti's birthplace, reinstigated the quest to repatriate the bust, looking for documents dating back over 100 years that are expected to prove Egypt's right to regain it, which she documented in a doctoral dissertation she worked on since 2018 and published in the<span> </span><em>International Journal of Cultural Property</em><span> </span>in December 2023.</p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;">Why Nefertiti's bust?</h2> <p><img class="optimal editormedia" src="https://alpha-en-media.almayadeen.net/archive/image/2024/2/26/ff896f73-0477-44c8-9b39-8c76aac84756.jpg?width=1000&preset=w800" alt="" data-src="https://alpha-en-media.almayadeen.net/archive/image/2024/2/26/ff896f73-0477-44c8-9b39-8c76aac84756.jpg?width=1000" data-ratio="-1" data-id="d9332ec2-0204-44ca-9b30-16d3fe09cc47" data-replace="true" style="width: 790px;"></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Although the movement for the restitution of antiquities has been active since the 1970s, in the last ten years, Egyptians have become aware that more than 30% of their antiquities were smuggled to Europe and the US. Some of these pieces are sold at public auctions, and one of those precious pieces is the bust of Nefertiti.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">In an interview for<span> </span><strong>Al Mayadeen</strong>,<strong><span> </span></strong>Hanna says that she chose to research the restitution of the bust of Nefertiti because she considered it a symbol of Egyptian women, and that the belle should return to her country after being taken through fraud and deception. Egypt has been attempting to recover the statue since the 1920s, and there is an archive of documented and verified correspondence with several parties that Egypt keeps in the National Archives. Hanna dug through these documents, bringing them to light, and demanding the Egyptian antique once again.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The Egyptology professor believes that the restitution of the bust of Nefertiti would create a precedent that would enable Egypt to recover the remainder of its antiquities later. She sees that her doctoral dissertation "will change the narrative about the bust of Nefertiti, that of it being legally present in Germany," as claimed by Friederike Seyfried, director of the Egyptian Museum in Berlin, where the bust of the ancient Egyptian queen is currently located.</p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;">Repatriation to cause a headache</h2> <p><img class="optimal editormedia" src="https://alpha-en-media.almayadeen.net/archive/image/2024/2/26/880e0673-3060-48f2-b322-2a0fc7b57852.jpg?width=1000&preset=w800" alt="" data-src="https://alpha-en-media.almayadeen.net/archive/image/2024/2/26/880e0673-3060-48f2-b322-2a0fc7b57852.jpg?width=1000" data-ratio="-1" data-id="9b295394-f224-4dfc-a95f-54a66e33a01f" data-replace="true" style="width: 790px;"></p> <div class="col-lg-8 news-details"> <div class=" owdgt ow-container" data-delay="" data-widgetid="00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000" data-widgetorder="1" data-widgetkey="news-details" data-cacheduration="" data-loadtype="sync" data-refreshinterval="" data-advertisement="false"> <article class="post-details"> <div class="single-blog-wrapper"> <div class="p-content"> <p style="text-align: justify;">Hanna has documents that prove the correspondence between the director of the British Museum and the British ambassador in Berlin in the 1920s to stop and obstruct negotiations with Egypt and hinder the recovery of the bust of Nefertiti. This is because retrieving the bust would pave the way for Egypt to demand the restitution of all their antiquities, including the Rosetta Stone, which has been in the British Museum since 1802, and other antiquities acquired by the British after Napoleon's defeat.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The bust of Nefertiti was smuggled out by Borchardt when he hid it from the committee tasked with the division of the archeological finds, and claimed it was an unimportant statue of a princess from Tell el-Amarna made of gypsum. Despite the change in the political circumstances over the past century in Egypt and Europe, the colonial mentality, according to Monica Hanna, persists, as the former colonial power still refuses to return the bust. This remains the case despite Egypt's demands and threats to cease German excavations and declassify the correspondence related to the bust of Nefertiti exchanged between the Egyptian government and the Allied forces after Germany lost the war.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">However, all these attempts were met with failure.</p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;">Different parties demand bust's return</h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">The demands for the repatriation of the bust of Nefertiti did not stop, but what re-opened the old wound was the January 2011 revolution, when a campaign titled "Nefertiti Travels" came to be in 2012, launched by German cultural associations which handed out posters with a picture of the bust and the sentence "return to sender" written on them.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Former archaeologist and Egyptian Antiquities Minister Zahi Hawass believes the bust was stolen from Egypt because Borchardt forged the documents, as there was a law that stipulated that any royal piece of limestone may not leave Egypt. Therefore, the German scholar claimed the piece was made of gypsum, and then proceeded to hide it in his house for 10 years.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Hawass repeatedly the return of the bust of Nefertiti, so much so that in 2005 he asked UNESCO to return it, then in 2007 he threatened to ban Egyptian antiquities exhibitions in Germany if Berlin did not lend the bust of Nefertiti to Egypt, but to no avail. Hawass then renewed his demand again in 2012 so that Egypt would have the bust when the new Egyptian museum was opened near the Giza pyramids.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Although nothing could force the German side to return the statue, Monica Hanna believes that German public opinion, which has recently changed, especially among the young generation, may weigh in on this issue.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">She also said Egypt would make political and diplomatic efforts in the near future, based on her dissertation, to pressure Germany and demand the repatriation of the bust.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Hanna believes that the efforts made by the public in Egypt and even in Germany will immensely help repatriate the head of the Egyptian queen, as diplomatic efforts alone are not enough.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Despite the effort that Hanna made in her dissertation, which was published on the website of the University of Cambridge, she believes one key issue that may hinder the return of the statue is the unstable political conditions in Egypt and the Arab world. Despite the fact that Egypt has had more powerful governments in the past 70 years, Germany, at the time, played a pivotal role in the Arab-Israeli conflict.</p> <h2 style="text-align: justify;">Are the pyramids being tiled or renovated?</h2> <p style="text-align: justify;">Just as Egyptian antiquities abroad receive attention, those in Egypt do, too. Egypt's pyramid hold a prestigious position, not only because they are one of the Wonders of the World, but also because they are a distinctive cultural and civilizational landmark that indicates the ancient Egyptians' skill in building, constructing, engineering, and more. But recently, and without prior warning, Egyptians were surprised by a government announcement of a new project to restore the Pyramid of Menkaure. The project was described by Hanna as "tiling the pyramid" or "encasing it".</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Hanna did not see the significance of this project, especially since its prospects are not based on any scientific studies, and archaeologists have not been consulted about its feasibility.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Hanna argues there is no benefit to be expected from it, as there is nothing wrong with the pyramid's current state. However, she hopes that the discussion that took place on the issue will be the beginning of new legislation limiting the Ministry of Antiquities' authority to do whatever it pleases with Egyptian archeological artifacts without consulting with specialists.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Recently, the Egyptian government temporarily suspended work on the pyramid restoration project, pending a decision by a specialized committee that includes Egyptian and foreign archaeologists that will issue a report on whether or not to proceed with the project.</p> </div> </div> </article> <div class="story-appendix"> <div class="post-tags">-- </div> </div> </div> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-10071062496820200992024-02-25T20:09:00.000-08:002024-02-26T14:36:55.794-08:00Applications Deadline Thursday (2/29) for ARCE Northern Cal. $1500 Student Grant<br /> <div class="moz-forward-container"> <div class="moz-forward-container"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgmcDj2R9ebBe7LnB0T5fxbFScs8eBh_4wT7FV5SMjcjkEk1RS54Re0i9oU_eK4AKL9e0HZURtM4tlfrFRRKhoNgxwKikcpnRIdjU2HLWR3t4QPQvhwjTNb4VWM8CaoPcpsaAF-DfVzv5A45Y81b3jeFEKWRReJumNyw9TwJjZ-L6beLz0YTzYu3ZsdbR-L" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7339758099769266194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgmcDj2R9ebBe7LnB0T5fxbFScs8eBh_4wT7FV5SMjcjkEk1RS54Re0i9oU_eK4AKL9e0HZURtM4tlfrFRRKhoNgxwKikcpnRIdjU2HLWR3t4QPQvhwjTNb4VWM8CaoPcpsaAF-DfVzv5A45Y81b3jeFEKWRReJumNyw9TwJjZ-L6beLz0YTzYu3ZsdbR-L=s320" /></a><meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="content-type"></meta> <font color="#c0504d"><font face="Helvetica, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b><font size="+3">Call for Applications: <br /> </font></b></font></font></font><font color="#c0504d"><font face="Helvetica, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b><font size="+3">Sixth Annual ARCE-NC <br /> </font></b></font></font></font><font color="#c0504d"><font face="Helvetica, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b><font size="+3">Eugene Cruz-Uribe <br /> </font></b></font></font></font><font color="#c0504d"><font face="Helvetica, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b><font size="+3">Memorial Student Grant<br /> </font></b></font></font></font> <div class="moz-forward-container"> <hr size="2" width="100%" /> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">The Board of Directors of the Northern California Chapter of the American Research Center in Egypt (ARCE-NC) is offering one grant of $1,500 to a qualified undergraduate or graduate student during the 2023-24 academic year.</p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b>Deadline for applications is Thursday, Feb. 29, 2024.</b> The recipient will be recognized at the ARCE Northern California chapter's March meeting.</p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">Applicants must either be enrolled at a Northern California college or university (Monterey to the Oregon border) or come from a hometown within that area. They must be pursuing a degree that incorporates Egyptian anthropology, archaeology, art, history, museum studies or language, or Coptic or Arabic studies in any period. Proof of enrollment may be required.</p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">Past applicants for our chapter's student grants who have not yet received an award are encouraged to re-apply. </p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">The grant honors a beloved chapter member, the late Professor Eugene Cruz-Uribe, an Egyptologist specializing in the Greco-Roman period who died following a bicycle accident in 2018. A recently retired professor of history at Indiana University East at the time of his death, Prof. Cruz-Uribe taught at California State University, Monterey Bay from 2007 to 2013.</p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">To apply, send a CV and a brief (under 400 words) description of how you will use the grant to <font color="#0000ff"><u><a href="mailto:ARCENorCal@gmail.com" moz-do-not-send="true"><font color="#000000">ARCENorCal@gmail.com</font></a></u></font>.</p> <br /> </div> </div> </div> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-72982435549108143592024-02-23T21:47:00.001-08:002024-02-23T21:47:54.531-08:00This ancient diary reveals how Egyptians built the Great Pyramids<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/red-sea-scrolls-pyramids-egypt?loggedin=true&rnd=1708753409912">https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/red-sea-scrolls-pyramids-egypt?loggedin=true&rnd=1708753409912</a><a class="AnchorLink" tabindex="0" title="National Geographic" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/"><picture><img alt="National Geographic Logo - Home" class="Image Logo NavBar__Logo Logo__lg" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/e76f5368-6797-4794-b7f6-8d757c79ea5c/ng-logo-2fl.png?w=109&h=32"></picture></a> <div class="NavBar__Spacer"></div> <ul class="NavBar__List" role="presentation"> <li class="NavBar__List--item"> <div class="UserMenu"> <div data-track-event_name="global nav interaction" data-track-nav_item="profile" data-track-nav_type="default" data-track-nav_layer="top nav" class="fitt-tracker"> <div class="Image__Wrapper aspect-ratio--child"><picture><img alt="Papyri with writing sits crumpled on orange sand" class="" style="object-position:center center" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/c8fd7dd1-a8f5-4627-96ae-4f57c1654a2d/redsea12_2x3.jpg?w=374&h=561"></picture></div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div> <div class="bp-mobileMDPlus bp-mobileLGPlus bp-tabletPlus bp-desktopPlus bp-desktopLGPlus bp-desktopXLGPlus no-touch" data-fitt-page-type="article"> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <div class="PageLayout page-container cf PageLayout--desktopLg PageLayout--article fitt-fade-in"> <div class="PageLayout__Main" role="main" tabindex="-1"> <div class=""> <div> <div id="5a942924-dca2-4cce-80ea-ad2ecd58e87b" class="StackModule"> <div class="ImmersiveLeadWrapper"> <div class="ImmersiveLead ImmersiveLead--desktop ImmersiveLead--dark ImmersiveLead--disable-for-mobile"> <div class="LeadMedia LeadMedia--dark"> <div class="LeadMedia__Image"> <div class="LeadMedia__Image--desktop"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent LeadMedia__Image"></figure> </div> </div> <div class="LeadMedia__Tint" aria-hidden="true" role="img" aria-label="Lead Media"></div> </div> <div class="LeadContent LeadContent--dark LeadContent--textLeft LeadContent--textBottom"> <div class="LeadContent__Wrapper"> <div class="LeadContent__Header"> <div> <div class="LeadContent__SectionLabels"> <ul class="SectionLabelWrapper SectionLabelWrapper--dark"> <li class="SectionLabel SectionLabel--link"><a class="AnchorLink" tabindex="0" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/magazine"><span>History Magazine</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="Article__Headline Article__Headline--dark"> <h1 class="Article__Headline__Title">This ancient diary reveals how Egyptians built the Great Pyramids</h1> <p class="Article__Headline__Desc">The Pyramids of Giza are an architectural feat, and long thought a mystery. But the Red Sea Scrolls give an unprecedented look at who built the ancient wonder.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ImmersiveLeadWrapper__CaptionContent"> <div class="ImmersiveLeadWrapper__CaptionContent__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption Caption--hideEndBug"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">Arid conditions at the Wadi al-Jarf site in Egypt helped preserve the ancient Merer papyri, which were discovered there by a French-led team of archaeologists.</span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="With thanks to Pierre Tallet/Archaeological Mission to Wadi al-Jarf" class="RichText Caption__Credit">With thanks to Pierre Tallet/Archaeological Mission to Wadi al-Jarf</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="natgeo-template1-frame-1-module-1" class="StackModule"> <div class="ScrollSpy_container"><span></span> <div class="Article flex ArticleBodyTile" style="--scrollbar-width: 0px;"> <section class="Article__Column Article__Column--main"> <article class="Article__Wrapper"> <div class="ArticleBodyTile__LeadSeparator"></div> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <header class="Article__Header"> <div class="Article__Header__Branding"></div> <div class="Article__Headeer__Interactives"></div> <div class="Article__Header__Meta"> <section class="Byline flex items-center"> <div class="Byline__Content"> <div aria-label="By José Miguel Parra" class="Byline__Group"><span class="Byline__ByCopy" aria-hidden="true">By</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="Byline__AuthorRow"><span class="Byline__AuthorContainer"><span class="Byline__Author ">José Miguel Parra</span></span></span></div> <div class="Byline__TimestampWrapper"> <div class="Byline__Meta Byline__Meta--publishDate">Published February 22, 2024</div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="Share flex flex-no-wrap Article__Header__Share"></section> </div> </header> </div> </article> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <p>Located on the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea, Wadi al-Jarf is a quiet, unassuming place today. Dry desert sands and placid blue water stretch out as far as the eye can see; across the water one can spy the Sinai Peninsula. This seeming tranquility masks the busy hub it once was more than 4,000 years ago. Wadi al-Jarf's historical importance was cemented in 2013 when 30 papyri, the world's oldest, were found hidden away in manmade limestone caves there.</p> <p>Aside from their age, the so-called Red Sea Scrolls are remarkable for their contents. Not only do they reveal Wadial-Jarf's distant past as a bustling port, they also contain eyewitness accounts of a man named Merer who took part in the building of the Great Pyramid of Pharaoh Khufu.</p> <div class="EmbedInline"> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--right InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--desktop" aria-label="markup"> <div class="static--markup"> <div data-ng-locator-map="" data-ng-locator-map-processed="true" class="ng-locator-map ng-locator-map-theme-light"> <div class="ng-locator-map-inner maplibregl-map mapboxgl-map"> <div class="ng-locator-map-meta"><a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/pages/article/about-our-basemaps/" target="_blank">About this map</a></div> <div class="maplibregl-canvas-container mapboxgl-canvas-container"></div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> </div> <div class="EmbedInline"> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--right InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--desktop" aria-label="markup"> <div class="static--markup"> <div data-ng-locator-map="" data-ng-locator-map-processed="true" class="ng-locator-map ng-locator-map-theme-light"> <div class="ng-locator-map-inner maplibregl-map mapboxgl-map"> <div class="maplibregl-control-container mapboxgl-control-container"> <div class="maplibregl-ctrl-top-left mapboxgl-ctrl-top-left"></div> <div class="maplibregl-ctrl-top-right mapboxgl-ctrl-top-right"></div> <div class="maplibregl-ctrl-bottom-left mapboxgl-ctrl-bottom-left"></div> <div class="maplibregl-ctrl-bottom-right mapboxgl-ctrl-bottom-right"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> <p>The Wadi al-Jarf site was first discovered in 1823 by an English traveler and antiquarian, John Gardner Wilkinson, who believed its ruins to be a Greco-Roman necropolis. Then, in the 1950s, two archaeology-loving French pilots, François Bissey and René Chabot-Morisseau, stumbled upon the site again. They suggested that it had once been a center for metal production. But the 1956 Suez crisis delayed further investigation.</p> <div></div> <p>It wasn't until 2008 that work at the site resumed. French Egyptologist Pierre Tallet led a series of excavations that definitively identified Wadi al-Jarf as an important port that dated back some 4,500 years to the reign of Khufu and the building of the Great Pyramid. Tallet's teams revealed that Wadi al-Jarf was a vibrant economic hub at the center of the trade in materials used to build the pyramids, some 150 miles away. Supporting the archaeology was the landmark find of Merer's diary among the papyri.</p> <p>(<a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/giza-pyramids" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><i>The Pyramids at Giza were built to endure an eternity—but how?</i></a>)</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="A satellite photo centers on the Red Sea, which Egyptian traders had to cross to obtain copper from Sinai." class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/47914190-7883-45cb-a422-faa9f7d64970/redsea5.jpg?w=718&h=621"></div> <figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">A satellite photo centers on the Red Sea, which Egyptian traders had to cross to obtain copper from Sinai.</span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="Granger/Album" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Granger/Album</span></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <h2>Pyramid port</h2> <p>The Wadi al-Jarf site consists of several different areas, spread over several miles between the Nile and the Red Sea. From the direction of the Nile, the first area, about three miles from the coast, contains some 30 large limestone chambers used for storage. It was in these caves that the papyri were discovered.</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--left InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="This ivory statuette is one of the only depictions of Pharaoh Khufu that survives from his time, some 4,500 years ago." class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/b91e83ff-734a-4482-adf9-29e0e7bad3ea/redsea3.jpg?w=300&h=363"></div> <figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">This ivory statuette is one of the only depictions of Pharaoh Khufu that survives from his time, some 4,500 years ago.</span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="AKG/Album" class="RichText Caption__Credit">AKG/Album</span></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <p>Continuing east toward the sea for another 500 yards, a series of camps appears, and after those, a large stone building divided into 13 parallel sections. Archaeologists surmised that the building was used as a residence. Finally, on the coast is the harbor itself with dwellings and more storage spaces. Using pottery and inscriptions found at the site, archaeologists have been able to date the harbor complex to Egypt's 4th dynasty, some 4,500 years ago. They believe the harbor was inaugurated in the time of Pharaoh Sneferu and abandoned around the end of his son Khufu's reign. It was active for a short period, but during that time the port was devoted to building <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/mystery-mummies-pharaoh-tomb-ancient-egypt" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Khufu's tomb</a>, known then as Akhet-Khufu, meaning "Horizon of Khufu."</p> <p>(<a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/history-magazine/article/this-egyptian-queens-tomb-lay-untouched-for-over-4000-years" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><i>This Egyptian queen's tomb lay untouched in the shadows of Giza.</i></a>)</p> <p>Along with the papyri, many other important archaeological finds there have revealed the importance of the port. Large structures, like the 600-foot-long stone jetty, show deep material investment in the area. Tallet and his team uncovered some 130 anchors, whose presence implies a busy harbor.</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="A watercolor depicts the busy harbor at Giza" class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/a408bbfe-61bc-45b8-8e86-aecc8e339805/redsea8.jpg?w=718&h=537"></div> <figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">The harbor at Giza, shown in a watercolor by J.C. Golvin, was where workers unloaded the stone blocks to build the Great Pyramid.</span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="Musée départemental Arles antique © J.C. Golvin/Éditions Errance" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Musée départemental Arles antique © J.C. Golvin/Éditions Errance</span></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <p>From the harbor, called "The Bush" by the ancient Egyptians, the pharaoh's ships would sail across the Red Sea to the copper-rich Sinai Peninsula. Copper was the hardest metal then available, and the Egyptians needed it to cut the stones for their pharaoh's massive pyramid. When Egyptian ships returned to port, they were loaded with copper. Between voyages, the ships were stored in the limestone chambers.</p> <p>(<a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/what-its-like-to-scuba-dive-under-pyramids" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><i>What it's like to scuba dive under pyramids.</i></a>)</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--page-width InlineElement--desktop ImageGroup__Wrapper" aria-label="Image Pair" data-bumper-index="1"> <div class="ImageGroup__Images"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent" id="a601794c-4f83-4f9e-961d-57ea92fa0c71_0"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="A view of the Pyramids of Giza, with blue sky behind, sand in front, and two camels in the foreground" class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/0a9c49ea-52de-4677-8612-b088d2bdecc5/redsea9.jpg?w=1280&h=853"></div> </figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"><br> </div> </div> </div> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption Caption--hideEndBug"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText"><strong>Left</strong>: The Pyramids of Giza are among the greatest engineering marvels in history. Khafre's tomb in the center still retains some of its original limestone cladding. </span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="René Mattes/GTRES" class="RichText Caption__Credit">René Mattes/GTRES</span></div> </div> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText"><strong>Right</strong>: The limestone cladding on Khufu's pyramid, which has disappeared over time, was once transported from the quarry by many teams like the one overseen by Merer. Today only the rougher stones used for the inner structure of the pyramid remain.</span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="Breck P. Kent/Age Fotostock" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Breck P. Kent/Age Fotostock</span></div> </div> </aside> </div> <h2>Treasures in the caves</h2> <p>After the Wadi al-Jarf harbor was decommissioned around Khufu's death, records show that a team was sent from Giza to close the storage spaces carved into the limestone. They were known as the Escort Team of "the Uraeus of Khufu Is Its Prow," which most likely refers to a ship bearing the Uraeus (protective cobra) on its prow. During the process of blocking up the limestone caves, Merer's now obsolete papyrus documents likely became lodged among the stone blocks.</p> <p>They remained in the desert air for some four and a half millennia until their discovery during an excavation by Tallet in 2013. The first batch of Red Sea Scrolls was found on March 24 that year near the entrance to the storage space designated G2. The second and largest set of documents was found 10 days later, wedged between blocks in storage space G1.</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--page-width InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image" data-bumper-index="2"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="A fragment of Merer's journal on papyrus" class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/cf16078e-e3ab-4795-a241-b5c76380f7c1/redsea10.jpg?w=1280&h=704"></div> <figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <p class="Caption__Title" aria-hidden="false"><span class="RichText">Merer's diary</span></p> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">Archaeologists found hundreds of papyrus fragments in the caves at Wadi al-Jarf. Written in black and red ink, the texts mention Pharaoh Khufu. Many of these fragments have been pieced back together to form documents—some measuring two feet long! The fragment o...</span><span class="Truncate__ShowMore--hidden" aria-hidden="true"></span></span></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </figcaption></figure> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--page-width InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image" data-bumper-index="2"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"><figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"><span aria-label="With thanks to Pierre Tallet/Archaeological Mission to Wadi al-Jarf" class="RichText Caption__Credit">With thanks to Pierre Tallet/Archaeological Mission to Wadi al-Jarf</span></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <p>There are several types of documents among the Red Sea Scrolls, but the writings of Merer caused the most excitement. The leader of a working party, Merer kept records of its activities in his diary. It is a daily record of the work his team carried out over a three-month period during the construction of the Great Pyramid.</p> <p>Merer's team consisted of some 200 workers who traveled across Egypt and were responsible for carrying out all tasks related to the construction of the Great Pyramid. Among the most interesting were the limestone blocks used for the pyramid's cladding. Merer recorded in great detail how the team retrieved them from the quarries of Tura and brought them by boat to Giza.</p> <p>(<a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/dead-sea-scrolls-origins-christianity" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><i>What do the Dead Sea Scrolls reveal about the origins of Christianity?</i></a>)</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="A sketch of a 15th-century B.C. relief from the temple of Queen Hatshepsut at Dayr al-Bahri shows workers loading ships sailing to the Land of Punt." class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/d169037a-abae-4f5c-bf93-f3ef44664688/redsea2.jpg?w=718&h=468"></div> <figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">A sketch of a 15th-century B.C. relief from the temple of Queen Hatshepsut at Dayr al-Bahri shows workers loading ships sailing to the Land of Punt.</span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="Alamy/ACI" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Alamy/ACI</span></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <p>Merer's men would load the limestone blocks onto boats, transport them up the Nile, and watch when they were tallied in an administrative area before being taken to Giza. A fragment from the diary records the three-day journey from the quarry to the pyramid's site:</p> <p><i>Day 25: Inspector Merer spends the day with his za [team] hauling stones in south Tura; spends the night in south Tura. Day 26: Inspector Merer sets sail with his za from south</i><i> Tura, laden with stone blocks, to Akhet-Khufu [the Great Pyramid]; spends the night in She-Khufu [administrative area with storage space for the ashlars, just before Giza]. Day 27: Embark at She-Khufu, sail to Akhet-Khufu laden with stones, spend the night at Akhet-Khufu.</i></p> <p>The next day, Merer and his workers returned to the quarry to pick up a new shipment of stones:</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--right InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="A 4,500-year-old bust of Ankhhaf, royal architect and half brother of Khufu" class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3b0c008e-cecd-4020-b7e1-0dd84c3b93a5/redsea11.jpg?w=300&h=295"></div> <figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">Mentioned in Merer's diary, Ankhhaf was a royal architect and half brother of Khufu. This 4,500-year-old bust of Ankhhaf...</span><span class="Truncate__ShowMore--hidden" aria-hidden="true"></span></span></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </figcaption></figure> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--right InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"><figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"><span aria-label="Scala, Florence" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Scala, Florence</span></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <p><i>Day 28: Set sail from Akhet-Khufu in the morning; navigate up the river towards south Tura. Day 29: Inspector Merer spends the day with his za hauling stones in south Tura; spends the night in south Tura. Day 30: Inspector Merer spends the day with his za hauling stones in south Tura; spends the night in south Tura.</i></p> <p>Merer's diary even gives a glimpse of one of the pyramid's architects. Ankhhaf, Khufu's half brother, held the position of "head of all the king's works." One of the papyrus fragments states: "Day 24: Inspector Merer spends the day with his za hauling [text missing] with people in elite positions, aper-teams, and the noble Ankh-haf, director of Ro-She Khufu."</p> <p>(<a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/great-sphinx-giza-pyramids-pharaoh-ancient-egypt" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><i>Who built the Sphinx? Who broke its nose? 4,500 years later, a fresh look.</i></a>)</p> <div class="Listicle__Content" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="113e71d9-6987-45e0-b999-ae91c10519d2-title"> <div class="Listicle__Content__Title"> <h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="113e71d9-6987-45e0-b999-ae91c10519d2-title">Floating to Giza</h3> </div> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="A 3D model of the building site of the Pyramids of Giza" class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/597a2bc1-6241-49db-9c81-cac42b2b4e40/redsea13.jpg?w=718&h=420"></div> </figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption Caption--hideEndBug"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">A 3D model made by Rebekah Miracle based on a topographical reconstruction by Mark Lehner.</span></span></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text">Materials used to build the Great Pyramid came from all over Egypt: limestone from the Tura quarries near Cairo, basalt from Fayyum, granite from Aswan, and copper from the Sinai Peninsula. In order to transport these materials swiftly and smoothly, artificial waterways were built at Giza so that goods could travel by boat as much as possible. The waterways flooded in the summer, and included "The Mouth of the Lake of Khufu," which was an access to two inner lakes close to the pyramid construction site; the "Lake of Khufu" opposite the main site; and "The Lake of the Horizon of Khufu," a smaller body of water that probably served smaller vessels. For further convenience, a quarry for the stone blocks used in the inner structure was built near the pyramid site.</div> </div> <h2>Working men</h2> <p>Merer also carefully kept track of how his crew was paid. Since there was no currency in pharaonic Egypt, salary payments were made generally in measures of grain. There was a basic unit, the "ration," and the worker received more or less according to their category on the administrative ladder. According to the papyri, the workers' basic diet was <i>hedj</i> (leavened bread), <i>pesem</i> (flat bread), various meats, dates, honey, and legumes, all washed down with beer.</p> <p>(<a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/sudan-archaeology-pyramdis-kush-nubia" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><i>These mighty pyramids were built by one of Africa's earliest civilizations.</i></a>)</p> <p>It has been long accepted that a large labor force built the Great Pyramid, but historians have long debated the status of this workforce. Many have argued that the workers must have been enslaved, but the Red Sea Scrolls contradict this notion. Merer's detailed payment records demonstrate that those who built the pyramids were skilled workers who received compensation for their services.</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop ImageGroup__Wrapper" aria-label="Image Pair"> <div class="ImageGroup__Images"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent" id="c9d72032-f721-487b-b0b7-8ba3e3d21312_0"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="Construction workers carry sandstone blocks in a relief detail from the Temple of Luxor" class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/0449b8da-8d62-414b-a980-e9edd39e4ded/redseaRS.jpg?w=718&h=926"></div> </figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent" id="c9d72032-f721-487b-b0b7-8ba3e3d21312_1"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="A 14th-century B.C. lidded basket filled with figs" class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/61311a04-8ad3-4e33-bc5f-410937857c07/RedseaRS1.jpg?w=718&h=922"></div> </figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </div> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <p class="Caption__Title" aria-hidden="false"><span class="RichText">Ancient multitasking</span></p> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">Merer's diary recorded his team's seemingly mundane tasks, and these have given historians important insights into the work that went into building the Great Pyramid. Rather than one document, his writings are found in several of the papyri unearthed at Wadi al-Jarf. P...</span><span class="Truncate__ShowMore--hidden" aria-hidden="true"></span></span></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop ImageGroup__Wrapper" aria-label="Image Pair"> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"><span aria-label="Prisma/Album (Left) and British Museum/Scala, Florence (Right)" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Prisma/Album (Left) and British Museum/Scala, Florence (Right)</span></div> </div> </aside> </div> <p>There is something even more extraordinary in the lines of the frail papyri. In the words of Merer, there is a firsthand account of a person who not only witnessed the building of the pyramids but whose team was also a crucial part of the everyday business of getting the job done. Because of this discovery, Egyptologists have a detailed (and somewhat prosaic) snapshot of the final stages of the Great Pyramid's construction.</p> <p>(<a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/how-to-spend-a-day-in-cairo-egypt" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><i>How to spend a day in Cairo, the eclectic Egyptian capital.</i></a>)</p> </div> <br> <br> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-29165410848231765972024-02-22T20:26:00.001-08:002024-02-22T20:26:23.755-08:00This 2,200-year-old slab bears the world’s first mention of leap year<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/leap-day-year-canopus-decree-egypt-tanis-stele?loggedin=true&rnd=1708662277817">https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/leap-day-year-canopus-decree-egypt-tanis-stele?loggedin=true&rnd=1708662277817</a><br> <br> <a class="AnchorLink" tabindex="0" title="National Geographic" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/"><picture><br> </picture></a> <section class="Article__Content"> <div class="IconDefinitions" aria-hidden="true"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="position:absolute;width:0;height:0" overflow="hidden"><defs><symbol id="icon__flag__mexico" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> </symbol></defs></svg></div> <div class="IconDefinitions" aria-hidden="true"> <svg style="position: absolute; 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It provides the world's first record of a leap year.</span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="Photograph by G. Dagli Orti, NPL - DeA Picture Library/ Bridgeman Images" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Photograph by G. Dagli Orti, NPL - DeA Picture Library/ Bridgeman Images</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="natgeo-template1-frame-1-module-1" class="StackModule"> <div class="ScrollSpy_container"><span></span> <div class="Article flex ArticleBodyTile" style="--scrollbar-width: 0px;"> <section class="Article__Column Article__Column--main"> <article class="Article__Wrapper"> <div class="ArticleBodyTile__LeadSeparator"></div> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <header class="Article__Header"> <div class="Article__Header__Branding"></div> <div class="Article__Headeer__Interactives"></div> <div class="Article__Header__Meta"> <section class="Byline flex items-center"> <div class="Byline__Content"> <div aria-label="By Indi Bains" class="Byline__Group"><span class="Byline__ByCopy" aria-hidden="true">By</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="Byline__AuthorRow"><span class="Byline__AuthorContainer"><span class="Byline__Author ">Indi Bains</span></span></span></div> <div class="Byline__TimestampWrapper"> <div class="Byline__Meta Byline__Meta--publishDate">Published February 21, 2024</div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="Share flex flex-no-wrap Article__Header__Share"></section> </div> </header> </div> </article> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <p>Every four years we add an extra day to the calendar to account for the solar year being roughly 365 and a quarter days, rather than 365. But how long has the leap year actually been around for? At least 2,262 years, according to a spectacular find from the Egyptian desert.</p> <p>The Tanis Stele is a limestone slab (stele) more than seven feet tall and nearly three feet wide that was discovered in 1866 by a group of German scholars visiting the site of the ancient Egyptian city of Tanis in the Nile Delta. Like the more-famous Rosetta Stone, it bears an inscription in two languages, Egyptian (written in both hieroglyphs and Demotic script) and ancient Greek. The inscription, dated to 238 B.C., records a decree of pharaoh Ptolemy III that follows the standard of the time, including praise for the pharaoh, a description of military campaigns, and the stipulation that a copy of the decree should be erected in every major temple.</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--browser-width InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image" data-bumper-index="1"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="A view of the ruins at Tanis, Egypt." class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/1680e5c5-4ef8-4508-8542-cd08a3908824/NationalGeographic_456306.jpg?w=1440&h=1049"></div> <figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">The first copy of the Canopus Decree was discovered in 1866 the ruins of Tanis (above), an ancient Egyptian city in the Nile Delta. </span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="Photograph by O. LOUIS MAZZATENTA, NAT GEO IMAGE COLLECTION" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Photograph by O. LOUIS MAZZATENTA, NAT GEO IMAGE COLLECTION</span></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <div></div> <p>What is entirely original about this decree—known as the Canopus Decree for the ancient Egyptian city it was issued in—are its instructions regarding the calendar:</p> <p><i>"And so that the seasons should always correspond to the established order of the universe, and that it should not happen that some of the public festivals which take place in winter are celebrated in summer, as the sun changes by one day in the course of four years… (it was resolved) to add from now onwards one festival day in honor of the g</i><i>ods…every four years to the five additional days, before the new year, so that all may now know that the former defect in the arrangement of the seasons…"</i></p> <h2>Why we need a leap year</h2> <p>The first references to a 365-day calendar, which specify a year of twelve 30-day months and 5 epagomenal days ('monthless days' added to the calendar to make it approximately equal to the solar year) are found in the records of Egypt's Fourth and Fifth Dynasties around 2600 B.C., according to <a href="https://www.univ.ox.ac.uk/academics/adrienn-almasy-martin/" target="_blank">Adrienn Almàsy-Martin</a>, an Egyptologist at the University of Oxford. The inaccuracy this introduces is sufficient to cause a slow drift of the seasons through the calendar.</p> <p>The ancient Egyptians noticed a celestial coincidence that occurred annually at the same time as the flooding of the Nile—the appearance of Sirius, the brightest star in the sky. In the same way that some constellations are not visible all year, Sirius was not visible to the ancient Egyptians for the same 70 contiguous days of every year because it was too close to the sun. Annually after this absence, Sirius would reappear on the eastern horizon in the dawn sky, rising close to and just before the sun—a phenomenon known as "heliacal rising."</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--browser-width InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image" data-bumper-index="2"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="Orion and Sirius on the Dendera zodiac. Sirius is portrayed as a kneeling cow with a star between its horns." class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/f79a7f38-e138-44e2-88af-9b6a1b572926/BAL_3766620.jpg?w=1440&h=788"></div> <figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">In the first-century B.C. Dendera Zodiac, an Egyptian artist depicted Sirius as a kneeling cow with a star between its horns.</span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="Photograph by Lebrecht Authors, Bridgeman Images" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Photograph by Lebrecht Authors, Bridgeman Images</span></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <p>Egyptian civilization depended upon the Nile floods to bring the rich silt that fertilized its farmlands. The reappearance of Sirius, linked as it was to the crucial Nile inundation, and which also occurred at the summer solstice, was keenly observed, and heralded the beginning of the ancient Egyptian new year. By measuring the elapsed time between each annual heliacal rising of Sirius, astronomers eventually realized the solar year was a quarter-day longer than 365 days. While this realization likely happened earlier in history, the Canopus Decree of 238 B.C. is our earliest recorded evidence for the leap year.</p> <p>Multiple copies of the Canopus Decree would have existed in ancient times, according to Almàsy-Martin, and six complete or fragmented versions of the decree have survived to this day. The two best-preserved examples—from Tanis in 1866 and the site of Kom el-Hisn, in 1881—are in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. While they were discovered after the decipherment of the <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/how-the-rosetta-stone-unlocked-the-secrets-of-ancient-civilizations" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Rosetta Stone</a> in 1822, the better-preserved examples of the Canopus Decree feature a greater number of hieroglyphs and their study ended all remaining doubt about the Rosetta's decipherment. For this reason, their inscription is considered second only to the Rosetta's in significance for understanding ancient Egyptian.</p> <div class="ResponsiveWrapper"> <aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--below-paragraph InlineElement--browser-width InlineElement--desktop InlineImage" aria-label="Image" data-bumper-index="3"> <div class="CopyrightImage"> <figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent InlineImage--image"> <div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div> <div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="Sunrise over the Nile Delta, Egypt." class="" data-mptype="image" src="https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3deefbbf-8ac6-4602-94e1-766f6c7633cf/NationalGeographic_616775.jpg?w=1440&h=953"></div> <figcaption> <div class="Caption__Wrapper"> <div class="Caption"> <div class="Caption__TextWrapper"> <div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">The annual flooding of the Nile River was an important event for ancient Egyptians, who depended upon the floods to bring rich silt to fertilize farmlands.</span></span></span></div> </div> <span aria-label="Photograph by DEAN CONGER, NAT GEO IMAGE COLLECTION" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Photograph by DEAN CONGER, NAT GEO IMAGE COLLECTION</span></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0"></div> </div> </aside> </div> <p>We know Ptolemy III's directive in the Canopus Decree to add an additional day to the calendar every four years was ultimately unsuccessful, but not when or why his directions were ignored. It is possible the priests controlling the calendar didn't want to change their traditions, or perhaps they thought the drift of the seasons through the calendar was unnoticeable within a typical 40-year lifetime.</p> <p>What we do know is that when the Romans annexed Egypt in 30 B.C., the Egyptians were again using a 365-day calendar, and by 22 B.C—a few years after the <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/the-new-year-once-started-in-march-heres-why" target="_blank">Egyptian-inspired Julian calendar had been implemented in Rome</a>—Emperor Augustus had reintroduced the leap day back to the Egyptians.</p> </div> </section> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-47859080508310709552024-02-20T19:06:00.000-08:002024-02-20T19:07:10.316-08:00Historical towers in Egypt's Saladin Citadel open to visitors after restoration-Xinhua<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/c.html">https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/c.html</a><br> <div class="conTop"> <h1>Historical towers in Egypt's Saladin Citadel open to visitors after restoration</h1> <div class="infoBox clearfix"> <div class="info"> <p class="source">Source: Xinhua</p> <p class="editor">Editor: huaxia</p> <p class="time">2024-02-19 04:35:00</p> </div> <div id="partShare" class="share bshare-custom icon-medium"><a title="分享到Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/c.html" target="_blank" class="bshare-facebook"></a> <a title="分享到Twitter" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Historical%20towers%20in%20Egypt's%20Saladin%20Citadel%20open%20to%20visitors%20after%20restoration&url=https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/c.html" target="_blank" class="bshare-twitter"></a> <a title="分享到微信" href="https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/c.html" class="bshare-weixin"></a> <a title="分享到新浪微博" target="_blank" href="https://service.weibo.com/share/share.php?title=Historical%20towers%20in%20Egypt's%20Saladin%20Citadel%20open%20to%20visitors%20after%20restoration&url=https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/c.html" class="bshare-sinaminiblog"></a></div> </div> </div> <div id="detailContent"> <p><img id="1Qfz1IjQHb67Vtwob4" src="https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/229d82456ce54697b34368ec6465cec0.jpg" data-material-id="undefined" data-name="229d82456ce54697b34368ec6465cec0"></p> <p><span style="font-size: 14px; color: #000080;">People visit a restored tower at the Saladin Citadel in Cairo, Egypt, Feb. 18, 2024. Two towers at the Saladin Citadel, one of Cairo's most famous landmarks, opened to the public on Sunday after restoration. (Xinhua/Sui Xiankai)</span></p> <p>CAIRO, Feb. 18 (Xinhua) -- Two towers at the Saladin Citadel, one of Cairo's most famous landmarks, opened to the public on Sunday after restoration.</p> <p>Egyptian Tourism and Antiquities Minister Ahmed Issa said at the inauguration ceremony that the opening of the Ramla and Al-Haddad towers, together with other newly opened attractions, would extend the time of a tour at the citadel from one hour to three hours and contribute to increasing the number of nights spent by visitors in Cairo by one, according to a statement released by the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities.</p> <p>Mustafa Waziri, secretary general of the Supreme Council of Antiquities, said the two towers would be added to the citadel's itinerary and visitors could access them with the citadel's entry ticket.</p> <p>He said the restoration works included cleaning and replacing stones, maintaining stone stairs and floors, building walls for safety and protecting shrines.</p> <p>The Ramla Tower stands 20.8 meters tall, and the Al-Haddad Tower is one of the largest towers of the citadel, which was built by Salah El-Din in 1176 and served as the seat of power for most of Egypt's rulers for 700 years. <span style="color: #337fe5;">■</span></p> <p><img id="yT9Ynr9GhnK0wWo6UR" src="https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/6af958edd558464daf2a095632f8b593.jpg" data-material-id="undefined" data-name="6af958edd558464daf2a095632f8b593"></p> <p>People visit a restored tower at the Saladin Citadel in Cairo, Egypt, Feb. 18, 2024. Two towers at the Saladin Citadel, one of Cairo's most famous landmarks, opened to the public on Sunday after restoration. (Xinhua/Sui Xiankai)</p> <p><img id="1XmUBhoAGuWdiaxuMg" src="https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/9b2e47239ca1454a9d14fd30a399c047.jpg" data-material-id="undefined" data-name="9b2e47239ca1454a9d14fd30a399c047"></p> <p>People visit a restored tower at the Saladin Citadel in Cairo, Egypt, Feb. 18, 2024. Two towers at the Saladin Citadel, one of Cairo's most famous landmarks, opened to the public on Sunday after restoration. (Xinhua/Sui Xiankai)</p> <p><img id="0qeinkFZjltPdg6osT" src="https://english.news.cn/20240219/ab779e95ba0e4efe85a0edb708ad4693/3e62273914134c959215338c25941a58.jpg" data-material-id="undefined" data-name="3e62273914134c959215338c25941a58"></p> <p>This photo taken on Feb. 18, 2024 shows the two restored towers at the Saladin Citadel in Cairo, Egypt. Two towers at the Saladin Citadel, one of Cairo's most famous landmarks, opened to the public on Sunday after restoration. (Xinhua/Sui Xiankai)</p> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-43280355766383241492024-02-20T17:49:00.000-08:002024-02-20T17:53:01.973-08:00Applications Deadline Feb. 29: ARCE Northern Cal. $1500 Student Grant<br /> <div class="moz-forward-container"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhDM8anoAVo8KVAGOF-Be3fP6DP3bM3Usw3ckmthFCWxQEBxSH3ZKR0FWK1jtePENgml-hAtH4h4_6BPVlnMEoH__k93BnEB396GMP9RQwo4_6AZjAmPVnGxhwibSHV00ij8G7jYsohuhhZ5hG5ec8a8XxCW6wswBVdz1L8CiqX3rWEHWMv6h1hty2_XZsk" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7337867100215998530" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhDM8anoAVo8KVAGOF-Be3fP6DP3bM3Usw3ckmthFCWxQEBxSH3ZKR0FWK1jtePENgml-hAtH4h4_6BPVlnMEoH__k93BnEB396GMP9RQwo4_6AZjAmPVnGxhwibSHV00ij8G7jYsohuhhZ5hG5ec8a8XxCW6wswBVdz1L8CiqX3rWEHWMv6h1hty2_XZsk=s320" /></a><meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="content-type"></meta> <font color="#c0504d"><font face="Helvetica, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b><font size="+3">Call for Applications: <br /> </font></b></font></font></font><font color="#c0504d"><font face="Helvetica, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b><font size="+3">Sixth Annual ARCE-NC <br /> </font></b></font></font></font><font color="#c0504d"><font face="Helvetica, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b><font size="+3">Eugene Cruz-Uribe <br /> </font></b></font></font></font><font color="#c0504d"><font face="Helvetica, serif"><font size="5" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b><font size="+3">Memorial Student Grant<br /> </font></b></font></font></font> <div class="moz-forward-container"> <hr size="2" width="100%" /> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">The Board of Directors of the Northern California Chapter of the American Research Center in Egypt (ARCE-NC) is offering one grant of $1,500 to a qualified undergraduate or graduate student during the 2023-24 academic year.</p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b>Deadline for applications is Thursday, Feb. 29, 2024.</b> The recipient will be recognized at the ARCE Northern California chapter's March meeting.</p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">Applicants must either be enrolled at a Northern California college or university (Monterey to the Oregon border) or come from a hometown within that area. They must be pursuing a degree that incorporates Egyptian anthropology, archaeology, art, history, museum studies or language, or Coptic or Arabic studies in any period. Proof of enrollment may be required.</p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">Past applicants for our chapter's student grants who have not yet received an award are encouraged to re-apply. </p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">The grant honors a beloved chapter member, the late Professor Eugene Cruz-Uribe, an Egyptologist specializing in the Greco-Roman period who died following a bicycle accident in 2018. A recently retired professor of history at Indiana University East at the time of his death, Prof. Cruz-Uribe taught at California State University, Monterey Bay from 2007 to 2013.</p> <p class="western" style="line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in;">To apply, send a CV and a brief (under 400 words) description of how you will use the grant to <font color="#0000ff"><u><a href="mailto:ARCENorCal@gmail.com" moz-do-not-send="true"><font color="#000000">ARCENorCal@gmail.com</font></a></u></font>.</p> <br /> </div> </div> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-56387955058721727092024-02-17T20:11:00.001-08:002024-02-17T20:11:11.047-08:00Spanish archaeologists restore extraordinary 3,000-year-old Egyptian coffin | Euronews<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.euronews.com/culture/2024/02/16/spanish-archaeologists-restore-extraordinary-3000-year-old-egyptian-coffin">https://www.euronews.com/culture/2024/02/16/spanish-archaeologists-restore-extraordinary-3000-year-old-egyptian-coffin</a><br> <br> <main style=""> <div class="banner"></div> <div class="player"> <div class="video_poster"><img class="video_poster_image" src="https://s2.dmcdn.net/v/VjuIK1bpuYNZyF9K9/x720" alt=""></div> <div class="gradient" style="opacity: 1;"></div> <div class="play_screen"> <div class="play_screen_backdrop" role="button" tabindex="0"></div> <div class="layout"> <div class="layout_top"> <div class="layout_top_left"></div> <div class="layout_top_right"></div> </div> <div class="layout_middle"></div> <div class="layout_bottom"></div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <div class="play_screen_content"></div> <span class="menu_item_value"></span> <div class="spinner_image" style="transition-duration: 0ms; transform: translateX(16px);"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/24/53/18/1200x675_cmsv2_7890df57-d831-549e-985a-27231b8b9f56-8245318.jpg">https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/24/53/18/1200x675_cmsv2_7890df57-d831-549e-985a-27231b8b9f56-8245318.jpg</a><br> </div> <h1 class="c-article-redesign-title"> Spanish archaeologists restore extraordinary 3,000-year-old Egyptian coffin </h1> <div class="o-article-newsy__main__body u-article-content u-article-grid"> <div class="c-article-contributors c-article-contributors--culture"> By <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://twitter.com/theo_farrant">Theo Farrant</a> & <b>EBU</b></div> <time class="c-article-publication-date" data-timestamp="1708093580" datetime="2024-02-16"> Published on 16/02/2024 - 15:26 </time> <div class="c-article-partage-commentaire u-align-items-center u-display-flex"><a class="c-article-partage-commentaire__links u-align-items-center u-display-flex u-justify-content-center js-c-article-partage-commentaire-share"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><br> </svg></a></div> </div> <p class="c-article-summary"> The ancient Egyptian sarcophagus, dating back over 3,000 years, is adorned with intricate hieroglyphs and vibrant polychrome paintings depicting the priestess of Amun, Ruru. </p> <div class="c-article-content c-article-content--culture js-article-content "> <div class="c-article-content__first-element"></div> <p>A collaboration agreement has been signed between the Association of Friends of Madrid's National Archaeological Museum (AMAN) and the Iberdrola Spain Foundation to restore a stunning ancient Egyptian wooden coffin belonging to the priestess of Amun, Ruru.</p> <p>The project aims to revive and conserve the <a href="https://www.euronews.com/culture/2023/04/04/sarcophagus-of-pharoah-ramses-ii-unveiled-in-paris-in-rare-loan-to-france"><strong>sarcophagus</strong></a>, dating back to the mid-21st Dynasty (1070 to 945 BC), which has suffered deterioration since its donation to the Madrid museum in 1895. </p> <p>Expected to take seven months, the restoration will return the coffin to its former glory and prepare it for public exhibition alongside the esteemed collection of Egyptian antiquities housed within the museum's Egypt room. </p> <p>"The most important thing is to prevent the paint from falling off, because it is a very thin layer of mortar that has suffered damage," explains Ignacio D'Olhaberriague Martínez, a cultural property restorer and archaeology specialist. <br> </p> <div class="widget widget--type-image widget--size-fullwidth widget--align-center" data-ratio="0.5625" style="min-height: 366px;" data-peekaboo="widget--animation-ease-in-up"> <div class="widget__wrapper"> <div class="widget__ratio widget__ratio--auto"> <div class="widget__contents"> <figure class="widget__figure"><img class="widgetImage__image" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/24/53/18/808x454_cmsv2_ebd8356a-3645-5d8b-8289-c65d4baf152a-8245318.jpg" alt="Ignacio Martinez photographed carrying out restoration work on the ancient Egyptian coffin"><figcaption class="widget__caption"><span class="widget__captionWrap"><span class="widget__captionText">Ignacio Martinez photographed carrying out restoration work on the ancient Egyptian coffin</span><span class="widget__captionCredit">Credit: EBU</span></span></figcaption></figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="widget widget--type-image widget--size-fullwidth widget--align-center" data-ratio="0.5625" style="min-height: 366px;" data-peekaboo="widget--animation-ease-in-up"> <div class="widget__wrapper"> <div class="widget__ratio widget__ratio--auto"> <div class="widget__contents"> <figure class="widget__figure"><img class="widgetImage__image" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/24/53/18/808x454_cmsv2_98bf9d32-22f2-51fa-8c7f-89809a00ec32-8245318.jpg" alt="Photo shows decorative details on the Egyptian wooden sarcophagus"><figcaption class="widget__caption"><span class="widget__captionWrap"><span class="widget__captionText">Photo shows decorative details on the Egyptian wooden sarcophagus</span><span class="widget__captionCredit">Credit: EBU</span></span></figcaption></figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>The restoration aims to preserve the coffin's decorative elements and pigments, while also investigating its historical context, production techniques, and any inscriptions concealed by previous interventions or dirt.</p> <p>Key issues identified during the restoration process include paint loss, wood damage, cracks in the polychromed interior, and exterior damage. </p> <p>"The sarcophagus is very important because it is fully decorated and has a large number of funerary representations. Amon's priestess, Ruru, is depicted too, offering gifts to the gods," says Esther Pons Mellado, curator of the Department of Near East Egyptian Antiquities at Madrid's National Archaeological Museum.</p> </div> <footer class="c-article-contributors-supplementary u-margin-top-2 u-padding-top-2"> <p><br> </p> </footer> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-32377903417101901202024-02-16T20:49:00.001-08:002024-02-16T20:49:20.617-08:00Ancient Egypt Magazine 141 | The Past<a href="https://the-past.com/magazines/ancient-egypt-magazine-141/">https://the-past.com/magazines/ancient-egypt-magazine-141/</a>
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<br>Sent from my Linux system.Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-61093701970066900132024-02-16T20:40:00.001-08:002024-02-16T20:40:15.536-08:00Review committee unanimously rejects restoring casing blocks to Menkaure Pyramid of Giza - Ancient Egypt - Antiquities - Ahram Online<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/517810.aspx">https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/517810.aspx</a><br> <br> <div class="col-12 nopadding inner"> <h1 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_hd" class="title title-inner">Review committee unanimously rejects restoring casing blocks to Menkaure Pyramid of Giza</h1> <div class="col-12 nopadding img-inner row"> <div class="col-md-12 col-lg-10"> <h1 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_divtitlew" class="title title-inner"></h1> </div> <div id="ContentPlaceHolder1_divimgw" class="col-md-12 col-lg-2"> </div> <div class="col-lg-12" style="margin-bottom: -8px;"> <h6 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_sourceWr" class="read"></h6> </div> <div class="col-lg-12"> <h6 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_date" class="read" style="color: #000"></h6> </div> </div> <h6 id="ContentPlaceHolder1_source" class="read"><a href="https://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/Nevine-ElAref/283/0.aspx">Nevine El-Aref</a> , Thursday 15 Feb 2024</h6> <p id="ContentPlaceHolder1_bref"></p> <p style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serifl!important">The Menkaure Pyramid Review Committee (MPRC) has unanimously rejected a plan to restore the granite casing blocks scattered around the base of the smallest of three Pyramids of Giza for thousands of years onto the monument to preserve the universal and archaeological value of the site.</p> <p></p> </div> <div id="ContentPlaceHolder1_divImg" class="col-12 nopadding img-inner"><img src="https://english.ahram.org.eg/Media/News/2024/2/15/41_2024-638436005620166685-16.jpg" alt="Menkaure " class="img-fluid inner-main"><br> <div class="Caption">A stone is lifted by a crane during a conservation project by the base of the Pyramid of Menkaure (or Menkheres, built in the 26th century BC) at the Giza Pyramids Necropolis, west of Cairo. Photo: AFP <p> </p> <p>The <a href="https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/9/40/517085/Antiquities/Ancient-Egypt/Scientific-committee-formed-to-review-restoration-.aspx" target="_blank">MPRC was formed last week per a decree</a> issued by Minister of Tourism and Antiquities Ahmed Issa to review the restoration project for the <a class="inner_lnk" href="https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/50/1207/516876/AlAhram-Weekly/Heritage/Controversy-over-Egypt;s-Menkaure-Pyramid.aspx" target="_blank">Menkaure Pyramid at Giza Plateau</a> Menkaure which was introduced by an Egyptian Japanese archaeological team from the SCA and the Waseda University.</p> <p>The committee rejected the project citing the importance of maintaining the pyramid's current state without alterations given its exceptional universal and archaeological value.</p> <p>Its decision was submitted in a report to Minister Issa.</p> <p>"It would be impossible to ascertain the exact original position of any of the casing blocks. Therefore, it is impossible to return any of them to their original location on the pyramid. Consequently, any re-installation of the casing blocks would change the ancient, original fabric and appearance of the pyramid, which would conceal important evidence of how the ancient Egyptians designed and built the Pyramids," the MPRC report read.</p> <p>According to the report, the committee granted initial consent to carry out archaeological excavations to uncover the Menkaure Pyramid boat pits (akin to those discovered near the Pyramids of Khufu and Khafre), contingent upon the provision of clear and detailed scientific studies to be submitted to the MPRC before the commencement of any excavations.</p> <p>Moreover, the MPRC declared that the search of the pyramid boat pits should not be a high priority, nor a reason for excavating the base of the Menkaure Pyramid.</p> <p>This project should state broader, more scientific reasons for undertaking such excavations.</p> <p>The MPRC also endorsed the scientific archaeological project proposed for studying and surveying the Menkaure Pyramid, organizing the fallen granite blocks of its outer casing, and conducting excavations to uncover the sloping debris around the pyramid, as well as the cleaning and organization of the site for visitation.</p> <p>However, the MPRC affirmed that no scientific or archaeological activities in this project should commence until the project manager presents a comprehensive research proposal, including a detailed scientific work plan, for discussion by the committee which will subsequently submit a scientific report to the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities for coordination with UNESCO and presentation to the Permanent Committee for ancient Egyptian Antiquities.</p> <p>The research proposal should state the sources of funding to carry out the project and the time frame required for implementation as well as a list of team members and résumés for each.</p> <p>The team should consist of skilled archaeologists experienced in the best practices of stratigraphic excavation and recording, in addition to an architectural historian, with experience in ancient Egyptian architecture and restoration, and an engineer experienced in cultural heritage and restoration.</p> <p>Meanwhile, the project director should be employed full-time on the Menkaure Pyramid Project. He should not be otherwise employed or assigned other duties within the Ministry of Tourism.</p> <p>The committee said that it was able to complete its work efficiently thanks to the documents provided by the Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA), among them the decisions taken by the Permanent Committee for Ancient Egyptian Antiquities showing its agreement on the architectural restoration project of Menkaure Pyramid submitted by the Egyptian-Japanese archaeological team from the SCA and Waseda University.</p> <p> </p> <p>It is chaired by renowned Egyptologist and former minister of antiquities Zahi Hawass and consists of six pioneering engineers and archaeologists from Egypt, the US, the Czech Republic, and Germany.</p> <p>These are Mamdouh El-Damaty, former minister of antiquities and supervisor of the Egyptology Section at the Faculty of Archaeology at Ain Shams University; Hany Helal, former minister of education and professor of engineering at the Faculty of Engineering at Cairo University; Mostafa El-Ghamrawy, former head of the Civil Engineering Department at Cairo University; Mark Lehner, director and president of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates; Dietrich Raue, head of the German Archaeological Institute in Cairo, and Miroslav Bárta, director of the Czech Institute of Egyptology at the Faculty of Arts of Charles University.</p> <div class="search_word" dir="ltr" style=" font-weight: bold;"> Search Keywords: <div class="words" dir="ltr" style="width: auto;"> <ul class="tags clearfix keywords"> <li><a href="https://english.ahram.org.eg/UI/Front/Search.aspx?Text= Pyramids of Giza" dir="ltr" lang="ar"> <h5> Pyramids of Giza</h5> </a></li> <li><a href="https://english.ahram.org.eg/UI/Front/Search.aspx?Text= Ancient Egypt" dir="ltr" lang="ar"> <h5> Ancient Egypt</h5> </a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="shortlnk" style=" font-weight: bold;">Short link: <br> <input disabled="disabled" type="text" class="form-control selectall" value="https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/517810.aspx"></div> <p> </p> </div> </div> <pre class="moz-signature" cols="100">-- Sent from my Linux system.</pre> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-81360660972615988022024-02-15T20:59:00.001-08:002024-02-15T21:10:17.470-08:00Northern Cal. ARCE Egyptology Lecture March 17 - Imhotep: The Man, the Myth, the Monster<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="height: 1980px; width: 1048px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top"> <div class="moz-text-html" lang="x-unicode"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi8iraRBxKJpvcuJHBsh8flL7URpnx26V1TNjzf1jSB7-s3l3UIl61qhu1IkYNEj6g0OlXqjjWD1LWrIM8bUY7Yc4QM1OWuXJy_IdJOWmAFtUW1NTMl_GAKINYdXd1_whAIHPbXteRgRaxXrT0pd7LxYI2S8V2C7kKpsbM1INvo5mvzZ90DGS48TwY11fU7" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7336060006615640338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi8iraRBxKJpvcuJHBsh8flL7URpnx26V1TNjzf1jSB7-s3l3UIl61qhu1IkYNEj6g0OlXqjjWD1LWrIM8bUY7Yc4QM1OWuXJy_IdJOWmAFtUW1NTMl_GAKINYdXd1_whAIHPbXteRgRaxXrT0pd7LxYI2S8V2C7kKpsbM1INvo5mvzZ90DGS48TwY11fU7=s320" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The American Research Center in Egypt, Northern California chapter, and the UC Berkeley Department of Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures invite you to attend a <b>lecture by </b></span></span></span><font><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="+2"><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">Dr. Julia Troche, Missouri State University, Springfield</font></b></font></font></b></font></span></span></span></font><font color="#330033"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">:</span></span></span></font><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><b><span><b><br /> </b></span></b></span></span></span><span><b><br /> </b></span> <hr size="2" width="100%" /> <div class="caption-inner"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span style="color: #330033;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span style="color: #330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span 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#330033;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: black;"><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><i><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><b><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><b><span style="color: #3333ff;"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: blue;"><b><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><b><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span dir="ltr" face="sans-serif" style="font-size: 20px; left: 540.134px; top: 472.2px; transform: scaleX(0.88537);"><span><span style="color: #666666;"><b><span><span style="color: #3333ff;"><span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><font size="+2"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#3333ff">Imhotep: The Man, the Myth, the Monster</font><br /> <font color="#666666">Sunday March 17, 2024, 3 PM Pacific Time</font><br /> <font color="#666666">Room 140, Social Sciences Building, UC Berkeley<br /> </font></font></b></i></font><font size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font color="#666666"><font color="#666666" size="+2"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="4"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 18pt;"><i><b><font size="5"><font color="#ff0000">This in-person lecture will be recorded for later publication on YouTube<font size="+2"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">.</font></font></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></b></i></font></font></font></b></i></font></font></font></b></i></font><br /> </font></font></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></b></font></font></font></font></font></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></b></span><table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="height: 498px; width: 1036px;"><tbody><tr><td valign="top"><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi2Mb7OprfK0qBvqV4PwSc8EdRbUM3kd0V7m8ZsAw-_i9m8roelDzxbtDZf9uJXUgMqvNswOWX-X9SewOPpzXjNbvkub3JKGpfPfOCHmunXcUqwdT-vC1UEZdz5KTIE9rz-tDnpP2ipOjiM2PYVLXl68-6mRGs3sj8ayiHcr5YwLec0b9XCqq7lFpxcpO2n"><img alt="" border="0" height="780" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7336060021428380418" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi2Mb7OprfK0qBvqV4PwSc8EdRbUM3kd0V7m8ZsAw-_i9m8roelDzxbtDZf9uJXUgMqvNswOWX-X9SewOPpzXjNbvkub3JKGpfPfOCHmunXcUqwdT-vC1UEZdz5KTIE9rz-tDnpP2ipOjiM2PYVLXl68-6mRGs3sj8ayiHcr5YwLec0b9XCqq7lFpxcpO2n=w668-h780" width="668" /></a></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span><br /> <span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /> About the Lecture:<br /> </span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></b></span><br /> <span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;">"It comes to life!" is the tagline for the 1932 Universal film <i>The Mummy</i> wherein a reanimated Imhotep, as the mummy horror icon, brings terror and violence to all who encounter him. Imhotep, in fact, was a historical ancient Egyptian who is credited with engineering Egypt's first pyramid, the stepped pyramid at Saqqara for King Djoser (c. 2650 BCE). In antiquity he was venerated as a folk hero and eventually worshiped as a god. How and why did Imhotep become a horror icon? The answer is what we refer to as "Egyptomania," that is, our obsession with and consumption of ancient Egypt throughout history. This talk invites audiences to follow Imhotep and his many legacies throughout history as a way to explore Egyptomania. But it is not all fun and amusement park rides, as we consider some of the benefits and problems of Egyptomania in our everyday lives.</span></span><br /> <br /> <br /> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg86fkpMYJBYc6fGSuSzO-YA8Nuwuwj_ltHJP_kmnMJ-lILeO168-s2xx2Quza740xdLBTrC3xA4Zrfmja9fdhBckfowRQoMxO-Sg4rYNK-q3Ynmy_Xqh3WOR5cBeu6Fv54qInUqYc0YH3j4zimmPAKzENwzlB_E4BqVpdQX60qpS3HBJ2PSYHLn_dhRmkq"><img alt="" border="0" height="403" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_7336060034000733906" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg86fkpMYJBYc6fGSuSzO-YA8Nuwuwj_ltHJP_kmnMJ-lILeO168-s2xx2Quza740xdLBTrC3xA4Zrfmja9fdhBckfowRQoMxO-Sg4rYNK-q3Ynmy_Xqh3WOR5cBeu6Fv54qInUqYc0YH3j4zimmPAKzENwzlB_E4BqVpdQX60qpS3HBJ2PSYHLn_dhRmkq=w686-h403" width="686" /></a><br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"></span><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span><span style="font-size: x-large;">About the Speaker:<br /> </span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span> <br /> <div class="ydp77b50ab2yiv2563491306elementToProof"><span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;">Dr. Julia Troche is an Egyptologist, historian, and award-winning educator. She holds a Ph.D. in Egyptology from Brown University and a B.A. in History from UCLA. Dr. Troche is currently Associate Professor at Missouri State University in Springfield, MO, and Visiting Scholar of Egyptology at Brown for her sabbatical (2023-24). She serves as a Governor for the Board of the American Research Center in Egypt (ARCE), is President and co-founder of ARCE-Missouri, and for the </span><span style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal;">American Society of Overseas Research (ASOR), she is</span><span style="color: black; font-family: New serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 400;"> co-chair of the diversity, equity, and inclusion committee and co-chair of the Archaeology of Egypt sessions for the annual meeting. Her first book, <i>Death, Power, and Apotheosis in Ancient Egypt: The Old and Middle Kingdoms, </i> was published in 2021 with Cornell University Press. She is currently working on a book about the god Ptah for Bloomsbury, a textbook (with B. Brinkman) for Routledge, and a series of articles on Egyptomania and Imhotep that she hopes to turn into a public-facing book.<br /> <br /> </span></div> <span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span></span></span></span></b></span></b></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><span style="color: black;"><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span><span><br /> <font size="+2">About ARCE-NC:</font></span></span></span></b></span><i><b><span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><br /> </span></span></b></span> <span face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><b><span><span><span class="notranslate"><span class="body"></span></span></span></span></b></span> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span> <span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span> </font> <p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0.08in; orphans: 0; widows: 0;"><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="color: #7f7f7f;"><i><b> </b></i></span></font></p> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"> </font> <p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0.08in; orphans: 0; widows: 0;"> </p> <font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="+1"><i>For more information, please visit <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.youtube.com/@NorthernCaliforniaARCE">https://www.youtube.com/@NorthernCaliforniaARCE</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://facebook.com/NorthernCaliforniaARCE/">https://facebook.com/NorthernCaliforniaARCE/</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.arce-nc.org">http://www.arce-nc.org</a>, <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://twitter.com/ARCENCPostings">https://twitter.com/ARCENCPostings</a>, and <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://khentiamentiu.org">https://khentiamentiu.org</a>. To join the chapter or renew your membership, please go to <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://arce.org/join-arce/">https://arce.org/join-arce/</a> and select "Berkeley, CA" as your chapter when you sign up.</i></font><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #c0504d;"><i><b><span style="color: red;"><span></span></span></b></i></span></span></font></div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <br /> Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-262679252203562208.post-2007097643247469622024-02-13T19:53:00.001-08:002024-02-13T19:53:23.936-08:00When did the Egyptians start using hieroglyphs? | Live Science<a href="https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/ancient-egyptians/when-did-the-egyptians-start-using-hieroglyphs">https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/ancient-egyptians/when-did-the-egyptians-start-using-hieroglyphs</a>
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<br>Sent from my Linux system.Glenn Meyerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05703033216616011592noreply@blogger.com0